J Korean Biol Nurs Sci.  2021 May;23(2):110-118. 10.7586/jkbns.2021.23.2.110.

Factors Influencing COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors in Nursing Students: Knowledge, Risk Perception, Anxiety, and Depression

• Lee SJ
• Jin X
• Lee S

• KMID: 2519494
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7586/jkbns.2021.23.2.110

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to survey the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) related knowledge, risk perception, preventive behaviors, depression, and anxiety levels among nursing students, and to identify factors that influence preventive behaviors.
Methods
An online survey was conducted among nursing students from October 7, 2020 to October 12, 2020. The data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression.
Results
A total of 222 nursing students participated in this study. The correct answer rate for COVID-19 knowledge was 90.0%, risk perception was 5.51 ± 1.26, and the rate for preventive behaviors was 92.5%. The depression score was 6.28 ± 4.63; 59.9% of nursing students had depression, and the anxiety score was 5.56 ± 3.98; 59.9% of nursing students had anxiety. COVID-19 preventive behaviors had a positive correlation with COVID-19 knowledge (r = .30, p < .001), COVID-19 risk perception (r = .18, p = .009), and anxiety (r = .21, p = .001). Factors influencing COVID-19 preventive behaviors by multiple regression were identified as COVID-19 knowledge, anxiety, physical health status before and after COVID-19, grade, practical experience after COVID-19, and COVID-19 risk perception (F = 12.46, p < .001, R ² = 25.8%).
Conclusion
The results of this research on factors influencing COVID-19 prevention behaviors can be used in the future to develop appropriate health policies for individual and community infectious disease prevention behaviors.

Keyword

COVID-19; Knowledge; Behavior; Anxiety; Depression