Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol.  2021 Aug;14(3):259-267. 10.21053/ceo.2019.02068.

Effect of Rutin on Diabetic Auditory Neuropathy in an Experimental Rat Model

• Doostkam A
• Mirkhani H
• Iravani K
• Karbalay-Doust S
• Zarei K

• KMID: 2519180
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2019.02068

Abstract

Objectives
. Diabetic auditory neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus that has a major impact on patients’ quality of life. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of rutin in treating diabetic auditory neuropathy in an experimental rat model.
Methods
. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: group 1, control; group 2, diabetic rats; and groups 3–5, rats treated with rutin (at doses of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg, respectively). We used auditory brain stem response, stereology of the spiral ganglion, and measurements of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) to evaluate the effects of treatment.
Results
. Significant improvements in auditory neuropathy were observed in the rutin-treated groups in comparison with the diabetic group (P<0.05). Auditory threshold, wave latency, wave morphology, the volume and number of neurons in the spiral ganglion, and SOD and MDA activity showed improvements following treatment.
Conclusion
. Rutin shows promise as a treatment modality for diabetic auditory neuropathy, but more trials are warranted for its clinical application.

Keyword

Diabetic Neuropathy; Rutin; Histology; Auditory Brainstem Response; Animal Model

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1. Use of the stereological technique to estimate the spiral ganglion (SG) volume and cell number. H&E stain. (A) The location of the SG of the cochlea shown on a histological section. (B) The volume of the SG was estimated using Cavalieri’s method and the point-counting method. (C, D) The cell number of the SG was evaluated by using the optical disector method. The SG cells’ nuclei were documented as they came into focus throughout scanning by varying the altitude of the disector (arrows).

• 

  Fig. 2. Auditory brain stem response (ABR) recordings in normal, diabetic, and rutin-treated mice. ABR recordings in the (A) normal, (B) DM, (C) DM+R50, (D) DM+R100, and (E) DM+R150 groups. DM, diabetes mellitus; R50, 50 mg/kg of rutin; R100, 100 mg/kg of rutin; R150, 150 mg/kg of rutin.

• 

  Fig. 3. (A) Latency of wave II in normal, diabetes mellitus (DM), and rutin-treated groups. (B) Hearing threshold in the normal, DM, and rutintreated groups. All comparisons are with the DM group. R50, 50 mg/kg of rutin; R100, 100 mg/kg of rutin; R150, 150 mg/kg of rutin.

• 

  Fig. 4. Aligned dot plots of the volumes of the spinal ganglion (A) and the number of spiral ganglion neurons (B) in the normal, DM, DM+R50, DM+R100, and DM+RF150 groups. Each dot indicates an animal and the horizontal bar is the mean of the corresponding parameter. Significant differences and P-values have been indicated on each plot. All comparisons are with the DM group. DM, diabetes mellitus; R50, 50 mg/kg of rutin; R100, 100 mg/kg of rutin; R150, 150 mg/kg of rutin.

• 

  Fig. 5. Plasma concentration of superoxide dismutase (SOD; an antioxidant marker, A) and malondialdehyde (MDA; an oxidative marker, B) in the normal, diabetes mellitus, and rutin-treated groups. All comparisons are with the DM group. DM, diabetes mellitus; R50, 50 mg/kg of rutin; R100, 100 mg/kg of rutin; R150, 150 mg/kg of rutin.

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