Restor Dent Endod.  2020 Nov;45(4):e44. 10.5395/rde.2020.45.e44.

Effect of phytic acid as an endodontic chelator on resin adhesion to sodium hypochlorite-treated dentin

• Nassar M
• Hiraishi N
• Sofiqul Islam M
• Romero MJ
• Otsuki M
• Tagami J

• KMID: 2512035
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e44

Abstract

Objectives
Phytic acid (IP6), a naturally occurring agent, has been previously reported as a potential alternative to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). However, its effect on adhesion to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)-treated dentin and its interactions with NaOCl have not been previously reported. Thus, in this study, the effects of IP6 on resin adhesion to NaOCl-treated dentin and the failure mode were investigated and the interactions between the used agents were analyzed.
Materials and Methods
Micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) testing was performed until failure on dentin treated with either distilled water (control), 5% NaOCl, or 5% NaOCl followed with chelators: 17% EDTA for 1 minute or 1% IP6 for 30 seconds or 1 minute. The failed specimens were assessed under a scanning electron microscope. The reaction of NaOCl with EDTA or IP6 was analyzed in terms of temperature, pH, effervescence, and chlorine odor, and the effects of the resulting mixtures on the color of a stained paper were recorded.
Results
The µTBS values of the control and NaOCl with chelator groups were not significantly different, but were all significantly higher than that of the group treated with NaOCl only. In the failure analysis, a distinctive feature was the presence of resin tags in samples conditioned with IP6 after treatment with NaOCl. The reaction of 1% IP6 with 5% NaOCl was less aggressive than the reaction of the latter with 17% EDTA.
Conclusions
IP6 reversed the adverse effects of NaOCl on resin-dentin adhesion without the chlorine-depleting effect of EDTA.

Keyword

Bond strength; EDTA; Phytic acid; Reaction; Resin tag; Sodium hypochlorite

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 Scanning electron microscopy images of the dentin side of the fractured specimens. (A) Control group, (B) 5% NaOCl treatment for 5 minutes, (C) 1 minute of 17% EDTA treatment of the NaOCl-treated dentin surfaces, and (D) 1 minute of 1% IP6 treatment of the NaOCl-treated dentin surfaces. Resin tags were formed along the surface treated with IP6.NaOCl, sodium hypochlorite; EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; IP6, phytic acid.

• 

  Figure 2 The formation of chlorine gas bubbles in the mixed solutions. (A) 17% EDTA and 5% NaOCl, (B) 1% IP6 and 5% NaOCl.EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; NaOCl, sodium hypochlorite; IP6, phytic acid.

• 

  Figure 3 The effect of different solutions on the color of a stained paper. (A) NaOCl, (B) EDTA/NaOCl mixture, and (C) IP6/NaOCl mixture.NaOCl, sodium hypochlorite; EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; IP6, phytic acid.

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