J Korean Acad Oral Health.  2020 Sep;44(3):144-150. 10.11149/jkaoh.2020.44.3.144.

Risk factors related to periodontal health of adolescents

• Kim JS
• Kim SY
• Byon MJ
• Jun EJ
• Jeong SH
• Kim JB

• KMID: 2506662
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.11149/jkaoh.2020.44.3.144

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors related to periodontal health in middle school and high school adolescents.
Methods
This study was conducted using data from the Sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2013-2015). Among the 22,948 participants in the Sixth KNHANES, 1,222 participants (aged 12-18 years) who completed the systemic and oral health examinations and questionnaires were included in this study. Independent variables related to demographic socioeconomic status and oral health-related behaviors were the following: age, gender, household income, frequency of daily toothbrushing, smoking, alcohol drinking, annual dental visit, and periodontal treatment. The dependent variables were the prevalence of gingival bleeding or calculus and the number of sextants with gingival bleeding or calculus.
Results
Among the total participants, 34.1% were diagnosed with prevalence of gingival bleeding or calculus, and periodontal health was found to be at its worst at 17 years of age (41.6% of participants). Moreover, household income, alcohol drinking, annual dental visits, and frequency of daily toothbrushing were related to prevalence and the number of sextants with gingival bleeding or calculus. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for prevalence of gingival bleeding or calculus by alcohol consumption, toothbrushing less than twice per day, and number of DMFT were 5.00 (95% CI: 2.24-11.18), 2.21 (95% CI: 1.21-4.04), and 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02-1.17), respectively.
Conclusions
To prevent periodontal disease among adolescents, it is necessary to improve oral health-related behavior and its associated factors and continuous oral health education.

Keyword

Adolescents; Calculus; Gingival bleeding; Periodontal health

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