J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg.  2020 Aug;46(4):258-265. 10.5125/jkaoms.2020.46.4.258.

The effect of two phosphodiesterase inhibitors on bone healing in mandibular fractures (animal study in rats)

• MalekiGorji M
• Golestaneh A
• Razavi SM

• KMID: 2505445
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5125/jkaoms.2020.46.4.258

Abstract

Objectives
Despite advances in maxillofacial surgery, impaired bone healing remains a concern for surgical teams. Many studies have evaluated the effects of sildenafil and pentoxifylline on bone healing. However, their effects on healing of bone fractures have not been well investigated. This study aimed to assess the effects of the phosphodiesterase inhibitors sildenafil and pentoxifylline on healing of mandibular fractures in rats.
Materials and Methods
A total of 60 rats were randomly divided into six groups of 10. Mandibular fracture was induced in all rats. After the surgical procedure, group C1 received saline, group S1 received 10 mg/kg sildenafil and group P1 received 50 mg/kg pentoxifylline. The rats were sacrificed after 1 week. Groups C4, S4, and P4 received pharmaceutical therapy as in groups C1, S1, and P1 but were sacrificed after 4 weeks. The samples then underwent histological analysis.
Results
The mean rate of bone healing of mandibular fractures in groups S1 and P1 was significantly higher than in group C1 at 1 week (p<0.001). The mean rate of bone healing of mandibular fractures in group P1 was higher than in group S1 at 1 week (p=0.04). The mean rate of bone healing of mandibular fractures in groups S4 (p=0.001) and P4 (p=0.004) was significantly higher than in group C4 at 4 weeks, but no significant difference was noted in the rate of healing between groups P4 and S4 (p=0.53).
Conclusion
Sildenafil and pentoxifylline can be used as adjuncts to enhance bone healing in rats.

Keyword

Bone regeneration; Mandibular fracture; Pentoxifylline; Sildenafil

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Surgical steps: ① shaving of surgical site, ② submandibular cutaneous incision, ③ exposure of masseter muscle, ④ dissection of the masseter muscle and exposure of the body of mandible, ⑤ fracture line, ⑥ placement of microplate, ⑦ fixation with screw, and ⑧ suturing.

• 

  Fig. 2 Mean rate of bone healing in mandibular fractures in the study groups.

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  Fig. 3 Histological images of study groups (H&E staining, ×100). A. A specimen from group C1 with bone healing score 1 (healing with fibrous tissue). B. A specimen from group S1 with bone healing score 3 (healing with equal amounts of fibrous and cartilage tissue). C. A specimen from group P1 with bone healing score 5 (healing with mainly cartilage tissue and small amount of immature [woven] bone). D. A specimen from group C4 with bone healing score 6 (healing with equal amounts of cartilage tissue and immature bone). E. A specimen from group S4 with bone healing score 7 (healing with mainly immature bone and small amount of cartilage). F. A specimen from group P4 with bone healing score 9 (healing with immature bone and small amount of mature bone).

• 

  Fig. 4 Histological image of group P1 with bone healing score 5 (H&E staining, ×100). (arrows: cartilage tissue, x: cartilage calcification and conversion to bone, asterisks: lamellar bone, circle: immature bone, square: interface of the newly formed bone and older bone)

Reference

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