J Korean Med Sci.  2020 Jun;35(25):e236. 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e236.

The Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of 81 Children with COVID-19 in a Pandemic Hospital in Turkey: an Observational Cohort Study

• Korkmaz MF
• Türe E
• Dorum BA
• Kılıç ZB

• KMID: 2503663
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e236

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected millions of people throughout the world since December 2019. However, there is a limited amount of data about pediatric patients infected with the disease agent, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Methods
The epidemiological, laboratory, radiological, and treatment features of the pediatric patients who were positive for SARS-CoV-2 based on the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test, were investigated retrospectively.
Results
The median age of 81 children included in the study was 9.50 years (0–17.75 years). The most frequent symptoms at the time of admission were fever (58%), cough (52%), and fatigue or myalgia (19%). The abnormal laboratory findings in these cases were decreased lymphocytes (2.5%, n = 2), leucopenia (5%, n = 4), and increased lactate dehydrogenase (17.2%, n = 14), C-reactive protein (16%, n = 13), procalcitonin (3.7%, n = 3), and D-dimer (12.3%, n = 10). Three (4%) patients had consolidation in chest computed tomography, and three (4%) had ground-glass opacities. None of the patients needed intensive care except for the newborns. The median time to turn SARS-CoV-2 negative in the RT-PCR test was 5 (3–10) days. The median length of hospital stay was 5 (4–10) days. The time to turn SARS-CoV-2 negative in the RT-PCR test and the length of hospital stay were significantly longer for those aged five years or younger than others (P = 0.037, P = 0.01).
Conclusion
Compared to adults, COVID-19 is milder and more distinctive in children. As a result, more conservative approaches might be preferred in children for the diagnostic, clinical, and even therapeutic applications.

Keyword

Children; Clinical Symptoms; Coronavirus; COVID-19; Newborn; SARS-CoV-2

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Chest computed tomography images of children with coronavirus disease 2019. (A) 5.5-year-old boy showing 8 × 5 mm ground-glass opacity in lower lobe of the left lung (arrow). (B) 17-year-old girl showing 13 × 10 mm ground-glass opacity in lower lobe of the right lung (arrow). (C) 12-year-old boy showing multiple ground-glass opacities in lower lobe of the left lung (arrow).

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