Tissue Eng Regen Med.
2020 Jun;17(3):363-373. 10.1007/s13770-020-00249-5.
Osteoblast-Based Therapy—A New Approach for Bone Repair in Osteoporosis: Pre-Clinical Setting
- Affiliations
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- 1Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL –Tahrir st.)- Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
- 2Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL – Tahrir st.)-Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
- 3Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, El-Khalyfa El-Ma’moun St., Abbasya, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- 4Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Researches Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL –Tahrir St.)-Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
- KMID: 2502560
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s13770-020-00249-5
Abstract
- BACKGROUND
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone density resulting in increased fracture susceptibility. This research was constructed to uncover the potential therapeutic application of osteoblasts transplantation, generated upon culturing male rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in osteogenic medium (OM), OM containing gold (Au-NPs) or gold/hydroxyapatite (Au/HA-NPs) nanoparticles, in ovariectomized rats to counteract osteoporosis.
METHODS
Forty rats were randomized into: (1) negative control, (2) osteoporotic rats, whereas groups (3), (4) and (5) constituted osteoporotic rats treated with osteoblasts yielded from culturing BM-MSCs in OM, OM plus Au-NPs or Au/ HA-NPs, respectively. After 3 months, osterix (OSX), bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), sclerostin (SOST) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) serum levels were assessed. In addition, gene expression levels of cathepsin K, receptor activator of nuclear factor-jb ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and RANKL/OPG ratio were evaluated using real-time PCR. Moreover, histological investigation of femur bone tissues in different groups was performed. The homing of implanted osteoblasts to the osteoporotic femur bone of rats was documented by Sex determining region Y gene detection in bone tissue.
RESULTS
Our results indicated that osteoblasts infusion significantly blunted serum BALP, BSP and SOST levels, while significantly elevated OSX level. Also, they brought about significant down-regulation in gene expression levels of cathepsin K, RANKL and RANKL/OPG ratio versus untreated osteoporotic rats. Additionally, osteoblasts nidation could restore bone histoarchitecture.
CONCLUSION
These findings offer scientific evidence that transplanting osteoblasts in osteoporotic rats regains the homeostasis of the bone remodeling cycle, thus providing a promising treatment strategy for primary osteoporosis.
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