Factors Related to Positive Psychological Capital among Korean Clinical Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Lee, Byung Yup; Jung, Hyang Mi

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to systematically review and identify factors relevant to the positive psychological capital of clinical nurses.
METHODS
These was no limit on year of publication. Articles related to Korean clinical nurses were retrieved from computerized database using a manual search. A systematic review was conducted based on the PRISMA flow. The total correlational effect size (ESr) for each related factor was calculated from Fisher's Zr. Funnel plots, fail-safe numbers, and Egger regression tests were used to evaluate publication bias in meta-analysis studies. The correlational effect size of 25 studies was analyzed through meta-analysis using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software 3.0 (CMA).
RESULTS
The review included 25 studies. In the systematic review, 14 demographic factors and 46 organizational factors were found to be influential. Eleven factors (6 demographic factors and 5 organizational factors) were appropriate for meta-analysis. The overall effect size was .26. The demographic total correlation effect size of related factors was .20 and the total effect size of organization was .46. Organizational commitment (ESr=.38) and job satisfaction (ESr=.54) were statistically positively related variables. Negative variables were burnout (ESr=âˆ’.61), turnover intention (ESr=âˆ’.41) and workplace bullying (ESr=âˆ’.33). The total effect size of the organizational factors was larger than the demographic total effect size. There was no publication bias except for demographic variables.
CONCLUSION
Organizational factors and adjustable variables have a significant impact on positive psychological capital. The results of this study support the need for development of interventions focusing on organizational factors.