J Korean Med Sci.
2019 Dec;34(47):e304. 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e304.
Validation of Previous Spirometric Reference Equations and New Equations
- Choi HS
- Park YB
- Yoon HK
- Lim SY
- Kim TH
- Park JH
- Lee WY
- Park SJ
- Lee SW
- Kim WJ
- Kim KU
- Shin KC
- Kim DJ
- Kim TE
- Yoo KH
- Shim JJ
- Hwang YI
- Affiliations
-
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
- 2Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
- 3Lung Research Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea. hyicyk@hallym.or.kr
- 4Division of Pulmonology, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
- 5Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 6Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea.
- 7Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
- 8Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
- 9Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.
- 10Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 11Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
- 12Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
- 13Regional Center for Respiratory Disease, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
- 14Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea.
- 15Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 16Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
- 17Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
- 18Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea.
- KMID: 2465007
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e304
Abstract
- BACKGROUND
Pulmonary functions are interpreted using predicted values from reference equations that vary with ethnicity, gender, age, height, and weight. The universally used Choi's reference equations are not validated for Korean populations, and the purpose of this study was to validate them and develop new reference equations.
METHODS
Subjects with normal spirometry and chest radiographs, no co-morbidities, and non-smokers, from the Korean National Health and National Examination Survey (KNHANES)-VI were enrolled (n = 117). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was assessed for reliability of reference equations. New reference equations were developed using linear regression analysis. Differences between observed and predicted values were assessed to compare the reference equations from Choi's, Global Lung Function Initiative 2012, KNHANES-IV, and newly developed equations.
RESULTS
The ICC of Choi's reference equations was 0.854 (P < 0.001). The new reference equations for men were: forced vital capacity (FVC) (L) = − 4.38775 − 0.01184 × age + 0.05547 × height, forced expiratory volume - 1 second (FEVâ‚) (L) = − 2.40147 − 0.02134 × age + 0.04103 × height; and for women: FVC (L) = − 3.09063 + 0.003904 × age + 0.038694 × height; FEVâ‚ (L) = − 1.32933 − 0.00872 × age + 0.02762 × height. The differences between the predicted and observed means were largest in Choi's equations, but lowest in the new equations with highest goodness of fit.
CONCLUSION
Because Choi's reference equations presented larger differences from the observed values, despite reliability, and the new reference equations showed better goodness of fit, we suggest the latter for Korean populations.
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