J Vet Sci.  2019 Sep;20(5):e48. 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e48.

Autologous hybrid cell fusion vaccine in a spontaneous intermediate model of breast carcinoma

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University Research Initiative in Cancer, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. birdric@auburn.edu
  • 2Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University Research Initiative in Cancer, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
  • 3Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University Research Initiative in Cancer, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.

Abstract

Breast cancer is among the most common malignancies affecting women and reproductively intact female dogs, resulting in death from metastatic disease if not treated effectively. To better manage the disease progression, canine mammary tumor (CMT) cells derived from malignant canine mammary cancers were fused to autologous dendritic cells (DCs) to produce living hybrid-cell fusion vaccines for canine patients diagnosed with spontaneous mammary carcinoma. The high-speed sorting of rare autologous canine patient DCs from the peripheral blood provides the autologous component of fusion vaccines, and fusion to major histocompatibility complex-unmatched CMT cells were produced at high rates. The vaccinations were delivered to each patient following a surgical resection 3 times at 3-week intervals in combination with immuno-stimulatory oligonucleotides and Gemcitabine adjunct therapy. The immunized patient animals survived 3.3-times longer (median survival 611 days) than the control patients (median survival 184 days) and also appeared to exhibit an enhanced quality of life. A comparison of vaccinated patients diagnosed with inflammatory mammary carcinoma resulted in a very short median survival (42 days), suggesting no effect of vaccination. The data showed that the development of autologous living DC-based vaccine strategies in patient animals designed to improve the management of canine mammary carcinoma can be successful and may allow an identification of the antigens that can be translatable to promote effective immunity in canine and human patients.

Keyword

Canine; hybrid-cell fusion; dendritic cells; mammary cancer; vaccines

MeSH Terms

Animals
Breast Neoplasms*
Breast*
Dendritic Cells
Disease Progression
Dogs
Female
Histocompatibility
Humans
Hybrid Cells*
Oligonucleotides
Quality of Life
Vaccination
Vaccines
Oligonucleotides
Vaccines
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