J Vet Sci.  2019 Nov;20(6):e59. 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e59.

Male pseudohermaphroditism with os clitoris in three dogs

• Kim K
• Lee SH
• Son CH
• Park SI
• Lee CM

• KMID: 2464075
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e59

Abstract

Two American Cocker Spaniels and one Bichon Frise were presented to our veterinary teaching hospital with an enlarged clitoris. Diagnostic imaging showed that the structure was composed of bony material. Exploratory laparotomy revealed uterine-like structures and testes which had an epididymis unilaterally. Surgical removal of internal genitalia, gonads and protruded clitoris were performed well. Histological evaluation revealed; inactive testes, female internal genital tracts with ambisexual ductal remnants, and prominent ossification in the clitoris. All 3 cases were diagnosed with male pseudohermaphroditism. In author's knowledge, this is the first report in Bichon Frise dog with os clitoris and also, it describes not common cases in small dog breeds with os clitoris.

Keyword

American Cocker Spaniel; Bichon Frise; male pseudohermaphroditism; os clitoris; persistent Müllerian duct

MeSH Terms

46, XY Disorders of Sex Development*
Animals
Clitoris*
Diagnostic Imaging
Dogs*
Epididymis
Female
Genitalia
Gonads
Hospitals, Teaching
Humans
Laparotomy
Male*
Testis

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1. Radiographic findings of clitoris in 3 cases. Plain radiography revealed a clearly identifiable structure with obvious bone density (arrows) in the enlarged clitoris of all 3 cases. All images were obtained by positioning in the dorsal recumbent position in (A) case 1, (B) case 2, and (C) case 3.

• 

  Fig. 2. Histological result of gonads and reproductive tracts in 3 cases. The testicles were composed of seminiferous ducts which were lined by only spermatogonia (arrows heads) and interstitial cells (arrows) in case 1 (A) and case 3 (C). There was not any evidence of spermatogenesis. Uterine-like structure with remnants of both the mesonephric duct and the paramesonephric duct was found exclusively in case 2 (B).

Reference

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