Korean J Community Nutr.  2019 Oct;24(5):395-407. 10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.5.395.

Sleep Quality and Its Association with the Dietary Behavior and Lifestyle of University Students in Cheongju

• Jin S
• Pae M

• KMID: 2462152
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.5.395

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study examined the association of the sleep quality and patterns with the dietary behavior, including snack and beverage consumption, taste preferences, as well as lifestyle of university students.
METHODS
The subjects were 406 university students in Cheongju, Korea, and the data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. They were divided into two groups according to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI): good-quality sleepers (PSQI score ≤ 5) and poor-quality sleepers (PSQI score > 5). The data were analyzed using a χ2-test, independent t-test, and analysis of covariance using the SPSS 25.0 program.
RESULTS
Fifty-two percent of university students were categorized as poor-quality sleepers by the PSQI. Students classified as poor-quality sleepers had delayed bedtimes, and a shorter duration in bed and total sleep hours than the good-quality sleepers did. Poor-quality sleepers were more prevalent among those who were female, having irregular mealtimes, or frequent late night meals. They also consumed fast food frequently, such as fried chicken and hamburgers, and noodles when adjusted for gender. In addition, drinks with caffeine over milk were dominant among poor-quality sleepers. Furthermore, the preferences for spicy and salty tastes and longer smartphone usage were more prevalent in those with poor-sleep quality.
CONCLUSIONS
These results showed that more than 50% of university students reported disturbed sleep and poor quality sleep was associated with less desirable snack consumption and taste preference, more smartphone usage, and others. Therefore, nutrition education program along with lifestyle changes promoting sufficient sleep are encouraged to provide for university students, particularly those who have poor sleep quality.

Keyword

PSQI score; sleep quality; university students; dietary habits; taste preference

MeSH Terms

Beverages
Caffeine
Chickens
Chungcheongbuk-do*
Education
Fast Foods
Female
Food Habits
Humans
Korea
Life Style*
Meals
Milk
Smartphone
Snacks
Caffeine

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