J Obes Metab Syndr.  2019 Sep;28(3):148-157. 10.7570/jomes.2019.28.3.148.

Food Craving, Seeking, and Consumption Behaviors: Conceptual Phases and Assessment Methods Used in Animal and Human Studies

Affiliations
  • 1Functional Neuroanatomy of Metabolism Regulation Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. hjchoi@snu.ac.kr
  • 2Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 3BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project Team, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 4Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Korea.

Abstract

What drives us to eat? It is one of the most fundamental questions in the obesity research field which have been investigated for centuries. Numerous novel in vivo technologies in the neuroscience field allows us to reevaluate the multiple components and phases of food-related behaviors. Focused on the cognitive, executive, behavioral and temporal aspects, food-related behaviors can be distinguished into appetitive phase (food craving→food seeking) and consummatory phase (food consumption). Food craving phase is an internal state or stage in which the animal has the motivation to eat the food but there is no actual food specific behaviors or actions. Food seeking phase entails repeated behaviors with a food searching purpose until the animal discovers the food (or food-related cue) and the approach behavior stage after the discovery of food. Food consumption phase is the step that the animal grabs, chews and intake the food. This review will specifically focus on characteristics and evaluation methods for each phase of food-related behavior in rodent, non-human primates and human.

Keyword

Hunger; Hypothalamus; Behavior

MeSH Terms

Animals*
Choice Behavior
Craving*
Humans*
Hunger
Hypothalamus
Methods*
Motivation
Neurosciences
Obesity
Primates
Rodentia
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