Korean J Orthod.  2019 May;49(3):150-160. 10.4041/kjod.2019.49.3.150.

Influence of changing various parameters in miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion: A three-dimensional finite element analysis

• Yoon S
• Lee DY
• Jung SK

• KMID: 2450224
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2019.49.3.150

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to analyze the effect of changing various parameters of the bone-borne rapid palatal expander (RPE) using the finite element method (FEM).
METHODS
In eight experimental groups, we investigated the effect of the number, position, and length of miniscrews; positional changes of the expander; and changes in the hook length on maxillary expansion. In finite element analysis, we compared the magnitude and distribution of stress, and the displacement changes following expansion of the bone-borne RPE.
RESULTS
When we compared the number and position of miniscrews, placing miniscrews in the anterior and posterior sides was advantageous for maxillary expansion in terms of stress distribution and displacement changes. Miniscrew length did not significantly affect stress distribution and displacement changes. Furthermore, anteroposterior displacement of the expander did not significantly affect transverse maxillary expansion but had various effects on vertical changes of the maxilla. The maxilla rotated clockwise when the miniscrews were placed in the anterior region. The hook length of the expander did not show consistent results in terms of changes in stress distribution and magnitude or in displacement changes.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study suggest that changes in the location and length of the miniscrews and displacement of the bone-borne RPE could affect the pattern of the maxillary expansion, depending on the combination of these factors.

Keyword

Miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expander; Bone-borne rapid palatal expander; Finite element method

MeSH Terms

Finite Element Analysis*
Maxilla
Methods
Palatal Expansion Technique

Figure

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  Figure 1 Cross-sectional image used in this study.

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  Figure 2 Groups used in this study. Group 1, Miniscrew front 8 mm; Group 2, miniscrew rear 6 mm; Group 3, miniscrew front 8 mm and rear 6 mm; Group 4, miniscrew front 16 mm and rear 10 mm; Group 5, miniscrew front 8 mm, rear 6 mm, expander moved +3 mm; Group 6, miniscrew front 8 mm, rear 6 mm, expander moved −3 mm; Group 7, miniscrew front 8 mm, rear 6 mm, hook extended +3 mm; Group 8, miniscrew front 8 mm, rear 6 mm, hook extended +6 mm.

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  Figure 3 Landmarks used in this study. A, Incisal point of the maxillary teeth (U1–U7); B, six points that divide the midpalatal suture into five equal parts (PM1–PM6); C, skeletal points of the skull. N, N point; ZMS, zygomaxillary suture; MT, maxillary tuberosity; INB, nasal bone; NB, nasal base; ANS, anterior nasal spine.

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  Figure 4 A, Stress distribution at the palatal and frontal skull: Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3, respectively. B, Sagittal, transverse, and vertical displacement of the maxillary teeth: Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3.

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  Figure 5 A, Stress distribution at the palatal and frontal skull: Group 3 and Group 4, respectively. B, Sagittal, transverse, and vertical displacement of the maxillary teeth: Group 3 and Group 4.

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  Figure 6 A, Stress distribution at the palatal and frontal skull: Group 3, Group 5, and Group 6, respectively. B, Sagittal, transverse, and vertical displacement of the maxillary teeth: Group 3, Group 5, and Group 6.

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  Figure 7 A, Stress distribution at the palatal and frontal skull: Group 3, Group 7, and Group 8, respectively. B, Sagittal, transverse, and vertical displacement of the maxillary teeth: Group 3, Group 7, and Group 8.

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