1. Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, et al. Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int J Cancer. 2015; 136:E359–E386.
Article
2. Jung KW, Won YJ, Kong HJ, et al. Cancer statistics in Korea: incidence, mortality, survival, and prevalence in 2012. Cancer Res Treat. 2015; 47:127–141.
Article
3. St-Onge MP, Janssen I, Heymsfield SB. Metabolic syndrome in normal-weight Americans: new definition of the metabolically obese, normal-weight individual. Diabetes Care. 2004; 27:2222–2228.
4. Winawer SJ, Zauber AG, O’Brien MJ, et al. Randomized comparison of surveillance intervals after colonoscopic removal of newly diagnosed adenomatous polyps: the National Polyp Study Workgroup. N Engl J Med. 1993; 328:901–906.
Article
5. Nishihara R, Wu K, Lochhead P, et al. Long-term colorectalcancer incidence and mortality after lower endoscopy. N Engl J Med. 2013; 369:1095–1105.
Article
6. Levin B, Lieberman DA, McFarland B, et al. Screening and surveillance for the early detection of colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps, 2008: a joint guideline from the American Cancer Society, the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer, and the American College of Radiology. Gastroenterology. 2008; 134:1570–1595.
Article
7. Sheng JQ, Li SR, Wu ZT, et al. Transferrin dipstick as a potential novel test for colon cancer screening: a comparative study with immuno fecal occult blood test. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009; 18:2182–2185.
Article
8. Freedman AN, Slattery ML, Ballard-Barbash R, et al. Colorectal cancer risk prediction tool for white men and women without known susceptibility. J Clin Oncol. 2009; 27:686–693.
Article
9. Yeoh KG, Ho KY, Chiu HM, et al. The Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening score: a validated tool that stratifies risk for colorectal advanced neoplasia in asymptomatic Asian subjects. Gut. 2011; 60:1236–1241.
Article
10. Kim JK, Choi YS, Suh JP, Lee IT, Youk EG, Lee DS. Results of screening colonoscopy in asymptomatic average-risk Koreans at a community-based secondary hospital. Korean J Gastrointest Endosc. 2010; 41:266–272.
11. Austin H, Henley SJ, King J, Richardson LC, Eheman C. Changes in colorectal cancer incidence rates in young and older adults in the United States: what does it tell us about screening. Cancer Causes Control. 2014; 25:191–201.
Article
12. Siegel RL, Fedewa SA, Anderson WF, et al. Colorectal cancer incidence patterns in the United States, 1974-2013. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2017; 109.
Article
13. World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Western Pacific; International Diabetes Institute; International Association for the Study of Obesity; International Obesity Task Force. The Asia-pacific perspective: redefining obesity and its treatment. Sydney: Health Communications Australia;2000.
14. Heitman SJ, Ronksley PE, Hilsden RJ, Manns BJ, Rostom A, Hemmelgarn BR. Prevalence of adenomas and colorectal cancer in average risk individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009; 7:1272–1278.
Article
15. Kim DH, Cha JM, Shin HP, Joo KR, Lee JI, Park DI. Development and validation of a risk stratification-based screening model for predicting colorectal advanced neoplasia in Korea. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015; 49:41–49.
Article
16. Kahi CJ, Imperiale TF, Juliar BE, Rex DK. Effect of screening colonoscopy on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009; 7:770–775.
Article
17. Rundle AG, Lebwohl B, Vogel R, Levine S, Neugut AI. Colonoscopic screening in average-risk individuals ages 40 to 49 vs 50 to 59 years. Gastroenterology. 2008; 134:1311–1315.
Article
18. Sung JJ, Lau JY, Young GP, et al. Asia Pacific consensus recommendations for colorectal cancer screening. Gut. 2008; 57:1166–1176.
Article
19. Chung SJ, Kim YS, Yang SY, et al. Prevalence and risk of colorectal adenoma in asymptomatic Koreans aged 40-49 years undergoing screening colonoscopy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010; 25:519–525.
Article
20. Wong MC, Lam TY, Tsoi KK, et al. A validated tool to predict colorectal neoplasia and inform screening choice for asymptomatic subjects. Gut. 2014; 63:1130–1136.
Article
21. Shin A, Hong CW, Sohn DK, et al. Associations of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption with advanced or multiple colorectal adenoma risks: a colonoscopy-based case-control study in Korea. Am J Epidemiol. 2011; 174:552–562.
Article
22. Regula J, Rupinski M, Kraszewska E, et al. Colonoscopy in colorectal-cancer screening for detection of advanced neoplasia. N Engl J Med. 2006; 355:1863–1872.
Article
23. Tao S, Hoffmeister M, Brenner H. Development and validation of a scoring system to identify individuals at high risk for advanced colorectal neoplasms who should undergo colonoscopy screening. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014; 12:478–485.
Article
24. Park HW, Han S, Lee JS, et al. Risk stratification for advanced proximal colon neoplasm and individualized endoscopic screening for colorectal cancer by a risk-scoring model. Gastrointest Endosc. 2012; 76:818–828.
Article
25. Cai QC, Yu ED, Xiao Y, et al. Derivation and validation of a prediction rule for estimating advanced colorectal neoplasm risk in average-risk Chinese. Am J Epidemiol. 2012; 175:584–593.
Article
26. Ben Q, An W, Jiang Y, et al. Body mass index increases risk for colorectal adenomas based on meta-analysis. Gastroenterology. 2012; 142:762–772.
Article
27. Jinjuvadia R, Lohia P, Jinjuvadia C, Montoya S, Liangpunsakul S. The association between metabolic syndrome and colorectal neoplasm: systemic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2013; 47:33–44.
28. Harriss DJ, Atkinson G, George K, et al. Lifestyle factors and colorectal cancer risk (1): systematic review and meta-analysis of associations with body mass index. Colorectal Dis. 2009; 11:547–563.
Article
29. Kim KS, Moon HJ, Choi CH, et al. The frequency and risk factors of colorectal adenoma in health-check-up subjects in South Korea: relationship to abdominal obesity and age. Gut Liver. 2010; 4:36–42.
Article
30. WHO Expert Consultation. Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet. 2004; 363:157–163.
31. Gunter MJ, Leitzmann MF. Obesity and colorectal cancer: epidemiology, mechanisms and candidate genes. J Nutr Biochem. 2006; 17:145–156.
Article
32. Eddi R, Karki A, Shah A, DeBari VA, DePasquale JR. Association of type 2 diabetes and colon adenomas. J Gastrointest Cancer. 2012; 43:87–92.
Article
33. Singh S, Singh H, Singh PP, Murad MH, Limburg PJ. Antidiabetic medications and the risk of colorectal cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2013; 22:2258–2268.
Article
34. Hong SN, Kim JH, Choe WH, et al. Prevalence and risk of colorectal neoplasms in asymptomatic, average-risk screenees 40 to 49 years of age. Gastrointest Endosc. 2010; 72:480–489.
Article
35. Kim JY, Jung YS, Park JH, et al. Different risk factors for advanced colorectal neoplasm in young adults. World J Gastroenterol. 2016; 22:3611–3620.
Article
36. Choe JW, Chang HS, Yang SK, et al. Screening colonoscopy in asymptomatic average-risk Koreans: analysis in relation to age and sex. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007; 22:1003–1008.
Article