Neurointervention.  2019 Mar;14(1):9-16. 10.5469/neuroint.2018.01095.

Embryological Consideration of Dural AVFs in Relation to the Neural Crest and the Mesoderm

• Tanaka M

• KMID: 2446777
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5469/neuroint.2018.01095

Abstract

Intracranial and spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are vascular pathologies of the dural membrane with arteriovenous shunts. They are abnormal communications between arteries and veins or dural venous sinuses that sit between the two sheets of the dura mater. The dura propria faces the surface of brain, and the osteal dura faces the bone. The location of the shunt points is not distributed homogeneously on the surface of the dural membrane, but there are certain areas susceptible to DAVFs. The dura mater of the olfactory groove, falx cerebri, inferior sagittal sinus, tentorium cerebelli, and falx cerebelli, and the dura mater at the level of the spinal cord are composed only of dura propria, and these areas are derived from neural crest cells. The dura mater of the cavernous sinus, transverse sinus, sigmoid sinus, and anterior condylar confluence surrounding the hypoglossal canal are composed of both dura propria and osteal dura; this group is derived from mesoderm. Although the cause of this heterogeneity has not yet been determined, there are some specific characteristics and tendencies in terms of the embryological features. The possible reasons for the segmental susceptibility to DAVFs are summarized based on the embryology of the dura mater.

Keyword

Dural arteriovenous fistula; Neural crest; Mesoderm; Susceptibility; Embryology

MeSH Terms

Arteries
Brain
Cavernous Sinus
Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations
Colon, Sigmoid
Dura Mater
Embryology
Membranes
Mesoderm*
Neural Crest*
Pathology
Population Characteristics
Spinal Cord
Veins

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1. The topography of dura propria and osteal dura is shown. Note that the falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli, and spinal dura are composed only of dura propria. These structures belong to the neural crest group. SSS, superior sagittal sinus; ISS, inferior sagittal sinus.

• 

  Fig. 2. The relationship between dura propria and osteal dura of the SSS. SSS, superior sagittal sinus; ISS, inferior sagittal sinus; SPS, superior petrosal sinus.

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