J Korean Acad Prosthodont.  2019 Apr;57(2):118-126. 10.4047/jkap.2019.57.2.118.

Analysis of esthetic factors and evaluation of esthetic perception for maxillary anteriors of dental students

• Kim SK
• Kim OS

• KMID: 2444180
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4047/jkap.2019.57.2.118

Abstract

PURPOSE
This research is to investigate factors that affect dental aesthetics and analyze whether individual perception affects and difference of genders affects the esthetic factors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Seventy dental students of Chonnam University aged from 25 to 35 years old without periodontal problems were included. Maxillary dental cast for participants were made, and standardized photo was taken with a digital camera. Maximum visual width and the position of gingival zenith of maxillary anterior teeth and maximum height of the maxillary central incisors were measured by a measurement program and the shape of central incisor was categorized. Questionnaire was conducted to evaluate esthetic perception. SPSS program was used to perform statistical analysis.
RESULTS
The average visual width ratio of right maxillary anteriors was 1.38:1:0.78 and 1.41:1:0.81 for the left which differ from the golden ratio. The width to height ratio for right and left central incisor was 0.84 and 0.83 respectively. The gingival zenith position was determined to be: mostly, central incisors and canines were located in the distal side, lateral incisors were located in the center. The visual width ratio of right maxillary anterior teeth, ratio of width to height of central incisor, gingival zenith position, crown morphology and amounts of gingival exposure upon smiling were not significantly different between genders, and facial patterns and these dental esthetic factors were not related to aesthetic perception.
CONCLUSION
Even though participants had the visual width ratio of maxillary anteriors or ideal width to ideal height of central incisors that did not agree with the golden ratio, they had high satisfaction for dental esthetics. Esthetic perception depends more on subjective judgements of participants than objective indices.

Keyword

Esthetic; Maxillary anterior teeth; Golden proportion; Perception

MeSH Terms

Crowns
Esthetics
Esthetics, Dental
Humans
Incisor
Jeollanam-do
Smiling
Students, Dental*
Tooth

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Measurement for dental esthetic factors. (A) The measurement of visible mesiodistal width, (B) Apicocoronal height for maxillary central incisor, (C) Determination of gingival zenith position (GZP) which is the highest gingival marginal point.

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  Fig. 2 Questionnaire.

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