Korean J Pediatr Infect Dis.  2003 May;10(1):102-113. 10.14776/kjpid.2003.10.1.102.

Viral Patterns and Clincal Analysis of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections of Children in Korea(September, 1998~August, 2002)

• Lee SJ
• Park EY
• Oh PS
• Lee KH
• Kim KN
• Lee KM

• KMID: 2440105
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14776/kjpid.2003.10.1.102

Abstract

PURPOSE
Acute respiratory tract infections are the most common illnesses in children. The great majority of these infections involving lower respiratory tracts infections(LRTI) are caused by respiratory viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus(RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), influenza virus(INF), adenovirus(ADV), etc. Our purpose of this study was to examine the seasonal occurrence, clinical and laboratory features of each viral infections.
METHODS
Nasopharyngeal aspirates(NPA) were collected from 913 hospitalized children on the first day of admission. They were all admitted to Hangang Sacred Heart hospital and diagnosed as LRTIs. The study period was from September 1998 to August 2002. Specimens were inoculated onto HEp-2 cell, LLC-MK2 cell and MDCK cell. Viruses were detected by immunofluorescent method performed at day 10 postinoculation. Respiratory viruses were detected in 251(27%) cases. Medical records of 208 cases diagnosed as acute LRTIs were all taken reviewed and analyzed.
RESULTS
The identified pathogens were RSV 122 cases(58%), PIV 30 cases(14%), INFA 20 cases(10%), INFB 21 cases(11%) and ADV 15 cases(7%) during the study period. Outbreaks of RSV infections occurred every year but mostly on December, 1998 and November, 1999. LRTIs by PIV and ADV occurred during all seasons of the year. INFA was isolated moslty on March, 1999 and January, 2000. INFB infections occurred largely on April, 2002. The clinical diagnoses were bronchiolitis 88 cases(43%), pneumonia 87 cases(42%), croup 19 cases(9%) and tracheobronchitis 14 cases(6%). Common symptoms and signs were cough, rhinorrhea, sputum and fever. WBC counts in peripheral blood showed normal findings in 123 cases(59%). Each viral infections also showed some differences in auscultatory findings and chest X-ray findings.
CONCLUSION
We learned that viruses are one of the major and important etiologic agents of acute LRTIs of children in Korea. However, we still need to find out more about its characteristic clinical features and continue studying on their seasonal occurrence to focus on their management and also prevention.

Keyword

Acute lower respiratory tract infections; Respiratory syncytial virus; Parainfluenza virus; Influenza virus; Adenovirus; Children

MeSH Terms

Adenoviridae
Bronchiolitis
Child*
Child, Hospitalized
Cough
Croup
Diagnosis
Disease Outbreaks
Fever
Heart
Humans
Influenza, Human
Korea
Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
Medical Records
Methods
Orthomyxoviridae
Paramyxoviridae Infections
Pneumonia
Respiratory Syncytial Viruses
Respiratory System*
Respiratory Tract Infections*
Seasons
Sputum
Thorax