Clin Should Elbow.  2018 Jun;21(2):87-94. 10.5397/cise.2018.21.2.87.

Histological Changes in Biceps Muscle after Tenotomizing the Biceps Long Head in a Rat Model

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea. hssongmd@yahoo.com

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Popeye deformity is common after rupture of the biceps muscle's long head tendon. Herein, we report on histological changes in biceps brachii muscles following tenotomy of the long head biceps tendon.
METHODS
Twelve Sprague-Dawley rats (12-week-old) underwent tenotomy of the long head biceps tendon in the right shoulder. At postoperative weeks 4, 7, and 10, the operative shoulders were removed by detaching the biceps brachii muscle from the glenoid scapula and humerus; the opposite shoulders were removed as controls. H&E staining was performed to elucidate histological changes in myocytes. Oil-red O staining was performed to determine fatty infiltration. Myostatin antibody immunohistochemistry staining was performed as myostatin is expressed by skeletal muscle cells during myogenesis.
RESULTS
H&E staining results revealed no changes in muscle cell nuclei. There were no adipocytes detected. Compared with that of the control biceps, the cross-sectional area of the long head biceps was significantly smaller (p=0.00). Statistical changes in the total extent of the 100 muscle cells were significant (p=0.00). Oil-red O staining revealed no fatty infiltration. Myostatin antibody immunohistochemical staining revealed no significant difference between the two sides.
CONCLUSIONS
Muscular changes after tenotomy of the long head biceps included a decrease in the size of the individual muscle cells and in relative muscle mass. There were no changes observed in muscle cell nuclei and no fatty infiltration. Moreover, there were no changes detected by myostatin antibody immunohistochemistry assay.

Keyword

Tenotomy; Muscle; Shoulder; Histology

MeSH Terms

Adipocytes
Animals
Congenital Abnormalities
Head*
Humerus
Immunohistochemistry
Models, Animal*
Muscle Cells
Muscle Development
Muscle, Skeletal
Muscles
Myostatin
Rats*
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Rupture
Scapula
Shoulder
Tendons
Tenotomy
Myostatin
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