Korean J Orthod.  2018 Nov;48(6):405-411. 10.4041/kjod.2018.48.6.405.

Comparison of clinical and histological characteristics of orthodontic tooth movement into recent and healed extraction sites combined with corticotomy in rats

• Samruajbenjakun B
• Kanokpongsak K
• Leethanakul C

• KMID: 2427778
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2018.48.6.405

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
This study was performed to investigate the rate of tooth movement and histological characteristics of extraction sockets those were subjected to corticotomy.
METHODS
A split-mouth randomized controlled trial experiment was designed. Thirty-two adult, male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups: healing extraction socket (H) and recent extraction socket (R); these groups were randomly classified into 4 subgroups (0/7/21/60 days). The first maxillary molar was extracted on 1 side and 2 months were allowed for complete bone healing; then, the corresponding molar was extracted on the other side and surgical intervention was performed at the mid-alveolar point of the first maxillary molar. Ten grams of continuous force was applied. The outcomes measured were rate of tooth movement, percentage of periodontal space and histological evaluation. The rate of tooth movement was calculated as the measured distance divided by the duration of molar movement. Histomorphometric evaluations were performed on the second and third maxillary molars. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare differences between the two groups.
RESULTS
There were no significant differences in the rates of tooth movement between H and R groups at any of the 4 time points. The histological appearance and percentage of periodontal space between the R and H groups also demonstrated no significant differences.
CONCLUSIONS
The rates of orthodontic tooth movement into recent and healed socket sites did not differ between the groups. Histological analysis of tooth movement revealed regional acceleration during every time period.

Keyword

Corticotomy; Extraction; Socket types; Rats

MeSH Terms

Acceleration
Adult
Animals
Humans
Male
Molar
Rats*
Rats, Wistar
Tooth Movement*
Tooth*

Figure

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  Figure 1 Diagram of the study design.

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  Figure 2 Clinical photographs. A, Complete healing of the healed side at 2 months after extraction. B, After extraction at the recent side and decortication on both sides.

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  Figure 3 Decortication and orthodontic protocol. A, Midalveolar two-point decortication (diameter, 0.5 mm) at mesial to second maxillary molar. B, Closed coil spring (length, 8 mm; diameter, 1.5 mm) insertion to mesialize the maxillary second molar.

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  Figure 4 Representative images of histological appearance at the level of the apical third of the maxillary second molar. A, C, E, and G, Healing extraction socket at days 0, 7, 21, and 60, respectively. B, D, F, and H, Recent extraction socket at days 0, 7, 21, and 60, respectively. A and B (Day 0), Full-filled interradicular bone (arrow), continuous and well-defined periodontal space (circle). C and D (Day 7), Non-mineralized tissue and periodontal space (single-ended arrow) was expanded, while the interradicular bone (double-ended arrow) was reduced. E and F (Day 21), Nearly interradicular bone (single-ended arrow) was replaced with non-mineralized tissue, continuous with the periodontal space (double-ended arrow). G and H (Day 60), Non-mineralized tissue was partially replaced with rebuilt interradicular bone (single-ended arrow), while the periodontal space was reduced. MB, Mesiobuccal root; IB, intermediate buccal root; DB, distobuccal root; DP, distopalatal root; MP, mesiopalatal root. Hematoxylin and eosin stain.

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