Yonsei Med J.  2017 Sep;58(5):1012-1017. 10.3349/ymj.2017.58.5.1012.

Endothelial Progenitor Cells Correlated with Oxidative Stress after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

• Huang X
• Wan D
• Lin Y
• Xue N
• Hao J
• Ma N
• Pei X
• Li R
• Zhang W

• KMID: 2418939
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2017.58.5.1012

Abstract

PURPOSE
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a key role in tissue repair and regeneration. Previous studies have shown that infusion of human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial colony-forming cells improves outcomes in mice subjected to experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the efficiency of cell transplantation is not satisfactory. Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the survival of transplanted cells following ischemic reperfusion injury. This observational clinical study investigated the correlation between the number of circulating EPCs and plasma levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonyldialdehyde (MDA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Peripheral blood samples were collected from 20 patients with mild TBI at day-1, day-2, day-3, day-4, and day-7 post TBI. The number of circulating EPCs and the plasma levels of SOD and MDA were measured.
RESULTS
The average of circulating EPCs in TBI patients decreased initially, but increased thereafter, compared with healthy controls. Plasma levels of SOD in TBI patients were significantly lower than those in healthy controls at day-4 post-TBI. MDA levels showed no difference between the two groups. Furthermore, when assessed on day-7 post-TBI, the circulating EPC number were correlated with the plasma levels of SOD and MDA.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that the number of circulating EPCs is weakly to moderately correlated with plasma levels of SOD and MDA at day-7 post-TBI, which may offer a novel antioxidant strategy for EPCs transplantation after TBI.

Keyword

Traumatic brain injury; endothelial progenitor cells; superoxide dismutase; malonyldialdehyde

MeSH Terms

Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Animals
Brain Injuries, Traumatic/enzymology/*pathology
Cell Count
Demography
Endothelial Progenitor Cells/*pathology
Female
Humans
Male
Malondialdehyde/metabolism
Middle Aged
*Oxidative Stress
Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
Young Adult
Malondialdehyde
Superoxide Dismutase

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Dynamic change in number of circulating EPCs post mild TBI. Circulating EPC numbers in peripheral blood samples were measured at day-1, day-2, day-3, day-4, and day-7 after TBI during the follow-up period of 7 days. For controls, circulating EPC numbers from 20 healthy subjects were measured at the same intervals (*p<0.01 vs. control; †p<0.01 vs. day-1). EPC, endothelial progenitor cell; TBI, traumatic brain injury.

• 

  Fig. 2 Change in SOD levels post mild TBI. The panel showed serial changes in SOD levels in plasma from mild TBI patients and healthy controls (*p<0.01 vs. control; †p<0.05 vs. day-1, ‡p<0.01 vs. day-1). SOD, superoxide dismutase; TBI, traumatic brain injury.

• 

  Fig. 3 Change in MDA levels following mild TBI. The panel showed serial changes in MDA levels in plasma from mild TBI patients and healthy controls. MDA, malonyldialdehyde; TBI, traumatic brain injury.

• 

  Fig. 4 Correlation analyses between the number of circulating EPCs and SOD or MDA. Circulating EPCs were weakly to moderately correlated with SOD levels at day 7 (A) and with MDA levels at day 7 (B) post mild TBI. EPC, endothelial progenitor cell; SOD, superoxide dismutase; MDA, malonyldialdehyde; TBI, traumatic brain injury.

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