Allergy Asthma Respir Dis.  2018 Jul;6(4):219-224. 10.4168/aard.2018.6.4.219.

Etiology and clinical feature of oral allergy syndrome in children

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. MHSOHN@yuhs.ac
  • 2Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University College of Medicine, Suwon, Korea. jsjs87@ajou.ac.kr
  • 3Sowha Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Abstract

PURPOSE
Oral allergy syndrome (OAS) is a unique allergic reaction to fresh fruits or vegetables, which is caused by cross-reactivity between foods and pollens. This study was conducted to investigate the clinical feature of OAS and relevant pollen allergens as well as the association between them in Korean children.
METHODS
This single-center study included 290 children who were sensitized to pollens at Severance Hospital, and the clinical characteristics of children with and without OAS were compared. A multicenter study included 97 children who were diagnosed with OAS at 3 hospitals between January 2008 and June 2014. The details of clinical features were collected by retrospective medical record reviews using a standardized case report form. The relevant pollen allergens were identified by skin prick tests and/or serum specific IgE levels.
RESULTS
The most commonly sensitized allergen was Japanese hop in pollen-sensitized children. Children with OAS were most commonly sensitized to birch and oak, and 12.4% of the pollen-sensitized children had OAS in the single center. The number of children who were newly diagnosed with OAS has increased over the past 7 years. The most common causative food of OAS was apple. More than 60% of patients with OAS had oral allergic reactions to multiple foods.
CONCLUSION
OAS may be relatively common in pollen-sensitized children. OAS should be considered in children with allergic disease and sensitization to pollens.

Keyword

Oral allergy syndrome; Pediatric allergy; Pollen sensitization

MeSH Terms

Allergens
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Betula
Child*
Fruit
Humans
Hypersensitivity*
Immunoglobulin E
Medical Records
Pollen
Retrospective Studies
Skin
Vegetables
Allergens
Immunoglobulin E

Figure

  • Fig. 1. Distribution of allergic diseases in pollen-sensitized children (n=290) and distribution of combined other allergic diseases in children with oral allergy syndrome (n=36) in a single center.

  • Fig. 2. Sensitization rates to pollen allergens. The most common sensitized allergens were Japanese hop followed by birch, oak, sagebrush in pollen-sensi-tized children (n=290). Birch and oak were the most commonly sensitized allergens in children with oral allergy syndrome (n=36) in a single center.

  • Fig. 3. Yearly incidence of oral allergy syndrome showing an increasing tendency (n=97, multicenter study).


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