Allergy Asthma Immunol Res.  2017 Mar;9(2):126-132. 10.4168/aair.2017.9.2.126.

Periostin in Exhaled Breath Condensate and in Serum of Asthmatic Patients: Relationship to Upper and Lower Airway Disease

• WardzyÅ„ska A
• Makowska J
• PaweÅ‚czyk M
• Piechota-PolaÅ„czyk A
• Kurowski M
• Kowalski M

• KMID: 2413386
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4168/aair.2017.9.2.126

Abstract

PURPOSE
Periostin is considered a biomarker for eosinophilic airway inflammation and have been associated with NSAID-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (NERD) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). In this study, we aimed to evaluate periostin in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and in serum of patients with various asthma phenotypes.
METHODS
The study included 40 asthmatic patients (22 with NERD) and 17 healthy controls. All the procedures (questionnaire, spirometry, FeNO, nasal swabs, EBC collecting, and blood sampling) were performed on the same day. Periostin concentrations were measured using an ELISA kit.
RESULTS
Periostin was detected in EBC from 37 of 40 asthmatics and in 16 from 17 of controls. The concentration of periostin in EBC did not differ between the study groups and was not associated with NERD or asthma severity. However, the EBC periostin was significantly higher in asthmatics with CRS as compared to those without (3.1 vs 2 ng/mL, P=0.046). Patients with positive bacterial culture from nasal swabs had higher EBC periostin concentrations than those without (3.2 vs 2.1 ng/mL; P=0.046). The mean serum periostin level was higher in asthmatics with a 1-year history of exacerbation than in those without (3.2 vs 2.3 ng/mL, P=0.045). Asthmatics with skin manifestation of NSAIDs hypersensitivity had higher serum periostin levels as compared to those without (3.5 vs 2.3 ng/mL; P=0.03).
CONCLUSIONS
EBC periostin levels seem to reflect intensity of upper airway disease in asthmatics, while serum levels of periostin are associated with asthma activity (exacerbations or FeNO) or NERD subphenotypes.

Keyword

Bronchial asthma; exhaled breath condensate; periostin

MeSH Terms

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
Asthma
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Eosinophils
Humans
Hypersensitivity
Inflammation
Phenotype
Skin Manifestations
Spirometry
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Periostin concentrations (ng/mL) in EBC (A) and serum (B) of asthmatics, and healthy controls (differences are not statistically significant). Data are presented as means and 95% confidence intervals.

• 

  Fig. 2 Periostin concentration (ng/mL) in EBC (A) from asthmatics with and without chronic rhinosinusitis symptoms in the previous 3 months and (B) from asthmatics with and without positive bacterial cultures from nasal swabs. Data are presented as means and 95% confidence intervals.

• 

  Fig. 3 Correlation between levels of periostin and FeNO inserum (A) in the entire group of asthmatics (r=0.33; P=0.039) and between (B) levels of FeNO in exhaled breath in patients with NERD (r=0.58; P<0.004).

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