J Korean Med Assoc.  2018 Apr;61(4):281-289. 10.5124/jkma.2018.61.4.281.

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: recent updates and treatment strategies

• Lee HJ
• Lee DG

• KMID: 2409048
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2018.61.4.281

Abstract

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has become a major problem within the field of healthcare-associated infections worldwide in the last decade. The treatment of infections caused by CRE is challenging, and a consensus strategy has not been established. This article reviews old and new antibiotics for the treatment of CRE, and summarizes the overall mechanisms of resistance, epidemiology, diagnosis, and infection control of CRE. For CRE treatment, combination therapies may be preferred. Carbapenem still plays an important role in CRE treatment. Other existing treatment options against CRE include colistin, tigecycline, fosfomycin, and aminoglycosides. New therapeutic options include ceftazidime-avibactam, aztreonam-avibactam, plazomicin, eravacycline, meropenem-vaborbactam, and imipenem-cilastatin-relebactam. Few randomized controlled trials have been conducted, so more studies of new agents against CRE are needed. Because there are relatively few therapeutic options for CRE, adequate infection prevention measures and antimicrobial stewardship are required. Moreover, both personal and national preventive efforts are needed.

Keyword

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; Therapeutics; Carbapenemase; Korea

MeSH Terms

Aminoglycosides
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Colistin
Consensus
Diagnosis
Enterobacteriaceae*
Epidemiology
Fosfomycin
Humans
Infection Control
Korea
Aminoglycosides
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Colistin
Fosfomycin

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