Korean J Parasitol.  2017 Dec;55(6):587-599. 10.3347/kjp.2017.55.6.587.

Therapeutic Effects of Resiniferatoxin Related with Immunological Responses for Intestinal Inflammation in Trichinellosis

Affiliations
  • 1Laboratory of Cell Biology and Microbiology, Academic Unit of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México. mcbjlmc@mail.com
  • 2Laboratory of Immunology and Virology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México.
  • 3Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), León, Guanajuato, México.
  • 4Academic Unit of Odontology, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Guadalupe, Zacatecas, México.
  • 5Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Earth and Life Sciences, University Center of Los Lagos, University of Guadalajara, Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco, México.

Abstract

The immune response against Trichinella spiralis at the intestinal level depends on the CD4⁺ T cells, which can both suppress or promote the inflammatory response through the synthesis of diverse cytokines. During the intestinal phase, the immune response is mixed (Th1/Th2) with the initial predominance of the Th1 response and the subsequent domination of Th2 response, which favor the development of intestinal pathology. In this context, the glucocorticoids (GC) are the pharmacotherapy for the intestinal inflammatory response in trichinellosis. However, its therapeutic use is limited, since studies have shown that treatment with GC suppresses the host immune system, favoring T. spiralis infection. In the search for novel pharmacological strategies that inhibit the Th1 immune response (proinflammatory) and assist the host against T. spiralis infection, recent studies showed that resiniferatoxin (RTX) had anti-inflammatory activity, which decreased the serum levels of IL-12, INF-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, NO, and PGE₂, as well the number of eosinophils in the blood, associated with decreased intestinal pathology and muscle parasite burden. These researches demonstrate that RTX is capable to inhibit the production of Th1 cytokines, contributing to the defense against T. spiralis infection, which places it as a new potential drug modulator of the immune response.

Keyword

Trichinella spiralis; trichinellosis; inflammatory response; Th1 cytokine; resiniferatoxin

MeSH Terms

Cytokines
Drug Therapy
Eosinophils
Glucocorticoids
Immune System
Inflammation*
Interleukin-12
Parasites
Pathology
T-Lymphocytes
Therapeutic Uses*
Trichinella spiralis
Trichinellosis*
Cytokines
Glucocorticoids
Interleukin-12
Therapeutic Uses
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