Cancer Res Treat.  2015 Oct;47(4):738-746. 10.4143/crt.2014.224.

Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors with Liver Metastases in Korea: A Clinicopathological Analysis of 72 Cases in a Single Institute

• Shin Y
• Ha SY
• Hyeon J
• Lee B
• Lee J
• Jang KT
• Kim KM
• Park YS
• Park CK

• KMID: 2403392
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.224

Abstract

PURPOSE
Management of gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases (NETLM) presents many clinical challenges. Assessment of the extent of disease and primary tumor site is crucial for management. In this study, we investigated the primary tumor sites and prognostic factors in GEP NETLM among Korean patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed the medical records of 72 Korean patients diagnosed with GEP NETLM between January 1999 and May 2013, focusing on their clinical and pathologic characteristics.
RESULTS
The most frequently encountered primary tumor sites were the pancreas (n=25, 35%), stomach (n=8, 11%), gall bladder (n=4, 6%) and rectum (n=3, 4%). Twenty-five patients (35%) had occult primary tumor. Twelve patients (17%) had histological grade G1 tumors, 30 patients (42%) had G2 tumors, and 30 patients (42%) had G3 tumors. The mean follow-up period after histological confirmation of hepatic metastases was 11.30+/-2.44 months for G3 tumors, 19.67+/-4.09 months for G2 tumors, and 30.67+/-6.51 months for G1 tumors. Multivariate analyses revealed that an unknown primary tumor site (p=0.001) and higher histological grade (p < 0.001) were independent prognostic indicators for shorter overall survival (OS). Most long-term survivors (OS > 24 months) had received antitumor treatment.
CONCLUSION
The primary tumor site most frequently associated with GEP NETLM was the pancreas. Unknown primary tumor and higher histological grade were independent prognostic indicators for shorter OS. Patients identified as being at a risk of shorter OS should be followed up closely.

Keyword

Liver; Metastasis; Neuroendocrine tumor; Pathology; Prognosis

MeSH Terms

Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Korea*
Liver*
Medical Records
Multivariate Analysis
Neoplasm Metastasis*
Neoplasms, Unknown Primary
Neuroendocrine Tumors*
Pancreas
Pathology
Prognosis
Rectum
Stomach
Survivors
Urinary Bladder

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Representative microscopic findings of grade 1 (A), grade 2 (B), and grade 3 (C) neuroendocrine tumors metastasized to the liver (H&E staining, ×40).

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  Fig. 2. Kaplan-Meier overall survival stratified by primary sites. Mean overall survival for patients with known primary sites was 22.43±3.25 months compared to 9.72±2.33 months for patients with unknown primary sites (p=0.003).

• 

  Fig. 3. Kaplan-Meier overall survival stratified by World Health Organization (WHO) grades. Mean overall survival for patients with WHO G1 and G2 tumors was 22.81±3.51 months compared to 11.30±2.44 months for patients with G3 tumors (p=0.001).

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  Fig. 4. Kaplan-Meier overall survival stratified by treatment. Mean overall survival for patients with any treatment was 23.59±3.27 months compared to 9.25±2.57 months for patients without treatment (p=0.002).

Reference

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