J Korean Assoc Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg.  2006 Jul;28(4):365-370.

The review of transmission of infectious disease in human tissue transplantation: Part I allogenic bone

• Lee EY
• Kim KW
• Um IW

Abstract

Viral, bacterial and fungal infections can be transmitted via allografts such as bone, skin, cornea and cardiovascular tissues. Allogenic bone grafts have possibility of transmission of hepatitis C, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), human T-Cell leukaemia virus (HTLV), tuberculosis and other bacterias. The tissue bank should have a policy for obtaining information from the patient's medical report as to whether the donor had risk factors for infectious diseases. Over the past several years, improvements in donor screening criteria, such as excluding potential donor with "high risk" for HIV-1 and hepatitis infection, and donor blood testing result in the reduction of transmission of these diseases. During tissue processing, many allografts are exposed to antibiotics, disinfectants and terminal sterilization such as irradiation, which further reduce or remove the risk of transmitting diseases. Because the effectiveness of some tissue grafts such as, fresh frozen osteochondral grafts, depends on cellular viability, not all can be subjected to sterilization and processing steps and, therefore, the risk of transmission of infectious disease remains. This article is review of the transmission of considering infectious disease in allogenic bone transplantation and the processing steps of reducing the risk. The risk of viral transmission in allografts can be reduced in several standards. The most important are donor-screening tests and the removal of blood and soft tissues by processing steps under the aseptic environment. In conclusion, final sterilizations including the irradiation, can be establish the safety of allografts.

Keyword

Allogenic bone; Infectious diseases; Processing

MeSH Terms

Allografts
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Bacteria
Bone Transplantation
Communicable Diseases
Cornea
Disease Transmission, Infectious*
Disinfectants
Donor Selection
Hematologic Tests
Hepatitis
Hepatitis C
HIV
HIV-1
Humans*
Risk Factors
Skin
Sterilization
T-Lymphocytes
Tissue Banks
Tissue Donors
Tissue Transplantation*
Transplants*
Tuberculosis
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Disinfectants