J Korean Biol Nurs Sci.  2017 Nov;19(4):241-251. 10.7586/jkbns.2017.19.4.241.

Gender Differences in Bone Mineral Density-Related Factors among Adults: Based on the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010–2011

Affiliations
  • 1College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea. haejung@pusan.ac.kr

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study aimed to examine the factors related to the bone mineral density (BMD) in male and female adults aged 50 years or older. The factors included were socio-demographics, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, blood lipids, and health habits.
METHODS
As a secondary data analysis, this study used raw data from the 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, and selected 2,295 adults aged over 50 years who participated in the survey and had BMD values. The T-score of the femoral neck was evaluated for BMD. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA and multiple regression.
RESULTS
The factors influencing the BMD in men were age (β=−.029, p<.001), BMI (β=.100, p<.001), triglyceride (β=−.001, p=.001), and calcium (β=.001, p=.003), and the suggested regression equation explained 25.6% of the variance in BMD (F=16.32, p<.001). The factors related to BMD in women were age (β=−.060, p<.001), BMI (β=.091, p<.001), total cholesterol (β=−.002, p=.028), HDL cholesterol (β=.009, p=.001), and calcium (β=.001, p=.004), and the suggested regression equation explained 47.0% of the variance in BMD (F=61.72, p<.001).
CONCLUSION
Based on the findings of this study, the modifiable factors, such as BMI, blood cholesterol, and calcium, should be targeted to improve the BMD in both men and women.

Keyword

Bone density; Osteoporosis; Sex Characteristics

MeSH Terms

Adult*
Blood Pressure
Body Mass Index
Bone Density
Calcium
Cholesterol
Cholesterol, HDL
Female
Femur Neck
Humans
Male
Miners*
Nutrition Surveys*
Osteoporosis
Sex Characteristics
Statistics as Topic
Triglycerides
Calcium
Cholesterol
Cholesterol, HDL
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