Korean J Obstet Gynecol.  2012 Oct;55(10):766-771.

Metastatic gestational trophoblastic neoplasm presenting as spontaneous renal and cerebral hemorrhage with low titer of HCG: A case report of an unusual case

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea. seokmo2001@yahoo.co.kr

Abstract

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm includes tumor spectrum of four entities: hydatidiform mole (complete and partial), invasive mole, choriocarcinoma and placental site trophoblastic tumor. The hydatidiform mole is usually benign, but it is regarded as a pre-malignant disease. The other three conditions are malignant and are termed gestational trophoblastic tumor. Although most molar pregnancies behave in a benign fashion, metastatic tumors develop after complete molar pregnancy in 4% of patients. However, even when the disease is spread to many distal organs, it is highly curable with chemotherapy in most cases. We recently encountered an unusual case of metastatic gestational trophoblastic neoplasm following complete mole, presenting as spontaneous renal and cerebral hemorrhage with a fatal course.

Keyword

Metastatic gestational trophoblastic disease; Complete mole; Invasive mole; Low titer of hCG, Renal hemorrhage; Cerebral hemorrhage

MeSH Terms

Cerebral Hemorrhage
Choriocarcinoma
Female
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
Humans
Hydatidiform Mole
Hydatidiform Mole, Invasive
Pregnancy
Trophoblastic Neoplasms
Trophoblastic Tumor, Placental Site

Figure

  • Fig. 1. Microscopic examination of the evacuated molar tissue. Enlarged villous with central cavitation and surrounding trophoplastic hyperplasia are shown. Complete mole was diagnosed (H&E, ×100).

  • Fig. 2. Abdominopelvic computed tomography showing renal hemorrhage with multiple metastases.

  • Fig. 3. Brain computed tomography showing acute intracranial hemorrhage in the left frontal lobe.

  • Fig. 4. (A) Macroscopic finding of metastatic lesion in the brain and (B) Microscopic examination of the removed tumoral bleeding from the brain (H&E, ×200). Metastatic invasive mole was diagnosed.


Reference

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