The Effectiveness of Lean Body Mass Analysis Using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry for Diagnosis of Sarcopenia: Systematic Review

Kim, So Young; Park, Sun Young

Abstract

BACKGROUND
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of lean body mass analysis using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) for diagnosing sarcopenia.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review by searching eight Korean databases and international databases, including Ovid-MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Twenty-five studies using DEXA were included in the final assessment. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of the included studies and extracted data. The quality of the studies was assessed according to the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network tool.
RESULTS
The effectiveness of lean body mass analysis using DEXA was assessed by means of correlations with comparators, relevance to clinical symptoms, and forecasting of prognosis. The correlations with comparators (magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and anthropometry) took different positions. The risk ratio (RR) or odds ratio (OR) of the decrease in physical functions was 0.57-2.48, and the RR of osteoporosis was 1.15-9.4. The hazard ratio of death was 1.24-3.12, OR of cardiovascular disease was 1.768, and RR of survival was 0.85.
CONCLUSION
Lean body mass analysis using DEXA for diagnosing sarcopenia seems promising, but more studies are needed to clarify the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia and cut-off for DEXA.