Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg.  2017 Jun;50(3):163-170. 10.5090/kjtcs.2017.50.3.163.

The Absence of Atrial Contraction as a Predictor of Permanent Pacemaker Implantation after Maze Procedure with Cryoablation

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Korea. cabg@korea.com
  • 2Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Korea.

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The absence of atrial contraction (AC) after the maze procedure has been reported to cause subsequent annular dilatation and to increase the risk of embolic stroke. We hypothesized that the lack of AC could increase the risk of permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation in patients undergoing the maze procedure.
METHODS
In 376 consecutive patients who had undergone a cryo-maze procedure and combined valve operation, recovery of AC was assessed at baseline and at immediate (≤2 weeks), early (≤1 year, 4.6±3.8 months), and late (>1 year, 3.5±1.1 years) postoperative stages.
RESULTS
With a median follow-up of 53 months, 10 patients underwent PPM implantation. Seven PPM implants were for sinus node dysfunction (pauses of 9.6±2.4 seconds), one was for marked sinus bradycardia, and two were for advanced/complete atrioventricular block. The median (interquartile range) time to PPM implantation was 13.8 (0.5-68.2) months. Our time-varying covariate Cox models showed that the absence of AC was a risk factor for PPM implantation (hazard ratio, 11.92; 95% confidence interval, 2.52 to 56.45; p=0.002).
CONCLUSION
The absence of AC may be associated with a subsequent risk of PPM implantation.

Keyword

Atrial contraction; Atrial fibrillation; Maze procedure; Valve surgery; Permanent pacemaker

MeSH Terms

Atrial Fibrillation
Atrioventricular Block
Bradycardia
Cryosurgery*
Dilatation
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Proportional Hazards Models
Risk Factors
Sick Sinus Syndrome
Stroke
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