J Prev Med Public Health.
2015 May;48(3):170-177. 10.3961/jpmph.15.002.
Association of Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors With Risk Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease
- Affiliations
-
- 1Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. jwchoi2695@yuhs.ac
- 2Department of Hospital Administration, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
- 3Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
- 4Department of Healthcare Administration, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea.
- 5School of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
- 6Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
- KMID: 2381465
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.15.002
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The goal of this study was to examine the association of various demographic and socioeconomic factors with risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD).
METHODS
We used nationally representative pooled data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2007-2013. We estimated the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation. We defined CKD as a GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, and 1304 of the 45 208 individuals included in the KNHANES were found to have CKD by this definition. The outcome variable was whether individual subjects adhered to the CKD prevention and management guidelines recommended by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The guidelines suggest that individuals maintain a normal weight, abstain from alcohol consumption and smoking, manage diabetes and hypertension, and engage in regular exercise in order to prevent and manage CKD.
RESULTS
This study found that individuals with CKD were more likely to be obese and have hypertension or diabetes than individuals without CKD. In particular, male and less-educated CKD patients were less likely to adhere to the guidelines.
CONCLUSIONS
Although the prevalence of CKD, as indicated by the KNHANES data, decreased from 2007 to 2013, the prevalence of most risk factors associated with CKD fluctuated over the same time period. Since a variety of demographic and socioeconomic factors are related to the successful implementation of guidelines for preventing and managing CKD, individually tailored prevention activities should be developed.
MeSH Terms
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Adult
Aged
Demography
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
Female
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Humans
Hypertension/complications
Male
Middle Aged
Nutrition Surveys
Obesity/complications
Prevalence
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications/epidemiology/*physiopathology
Republic of Korea/epidemiology
Risk Factors
Socioeconomic Factors
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