J Nutr Health.  2016 Dec;49(6):411-419. 10.4163/jnh.2016.49.6.411.

Amelioration of metabolic disturbances and adipokine dysregulation by mugwort (Artemisia princeps P.) extract in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences and Human Ecology, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea. gayoon@deu.ac.kr
  • 2Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Nursing and Healthcare Sciences, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea.

Abstract

PURPOSE
Dysregulation of adipokines caused by excess adipose tissue has been implicated in the development of obesity-related metabolic diseases. This study evaluated the effects of mugwort (Artemisia princeps Pampanini) ethanol extract on lipid metabolic changes, insulin resistance, adipokine balance, and body fat reduction in obese rats.
METHODS
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a control diet (NC), high-fat diet (HF, 40% kcal from fat), or high-fat diet with 1% mugwort extract (HFM) for 6 weeks.
RESULTS
Epididymal and retroperitoneal fat mass increased in the HF group compared with the NC group, and epididymal fat mass was reduced in the HFM group (p < 0.05). No difference was observed in serum levels of total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) among the groups. However, triglyceride (TG), TG/HDL-C ratio, and TC/HDL-C ratio increased in the HF group and significantly decreased in the HFM group. TG and TC levels in the liver were significantly higher in the HF group, whereas these levels were significantly reduced in the HFM group. HF rats had lower insulin sensitivity as indicated by increased homeostasis model assessment of the insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value. HOMA-IR values significantly decreased in the HFM group. Adiponectin levels were higher in NC rats, and their leptin and PAI-1 levels were lower. Relative balance of adipokines was reversed in the HF group, with lower adiponectin levels but higher leptin and PAI-1 levels. In contrast, the HFM group maintained balance of adiponectin/leptin and adiponectin/PAI-1 levels similar to NC by reducing leptin and PAI-1 levels.
CONCLUSION
Overall data indicated that mugwort extract can be effective in alleviating metabolic dislipidemia, insulin resistance, and adipokine dysregulation induced by a high-fat diet.

Keyword

mugwort (Artemisia princeps P.); lipid metabolism; insulin resistance; adipokine

MeSH Terms

Adipokines*
Adiponectin
Adipose Tissue
Animals
Artemisia*
Cholesterol
Diet
Diet, High-Fat
Ethanol
Homeostasis
Humans
Insulin Resistance
Intra-Abdominal Fat
Leptin
Lipid Metabolism
Lipoproteins
Liver
Male
Metabolic Diseases
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1
Rats*
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Triglycerides
Adipokines
Adiponectin
Cholesterol
Ethanol
Leptin
Lipoproteins
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1

Figure

  • Fig. 1. Effect of mugwort ethanol extract on plasma levels of glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Bars with uncommon letters are significantly different at p < 0.05 using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan's multiple range test. NC: control diet, HF: high fat diet with no supplement, HFM: high fat diet with 1% mugwort ethanol extract, HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance

  • Fig. 2. Effect of mugwort ethanol extract on lipid accumulation in liver (A) Triglyceride and cholesterol levels in liver, (B) Histopathological observation of liver. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Bars with uncommon letters are significantly different at p < 0.05 using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan's multiple range test. NC: control diet, HF: high fat diet with no supplement, HFM: high fat diet with 1% mugwort ethanol extract. Scale bars = 100 µm

  • Fig. 3. Effect of mugwort ethanol extract on plasma levels of leptin, PAI-1 and adiponectin. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Bars with uncommon letters are significantly different at p < 0.05 using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan's multiple range test. NC: control diet, HF: high fat diet with no supplement, HFM: high fat diet with 1% mugwort ethanol extract


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