J Bone Metab.  2016 Nov;23(4):243-247. 10.11005/jbm.2016.23.4.243.

Prevalence of Sarcopenia Adjusted Body Mass Index in the Korean Woman Based on the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys

• Park HM
• Ha YC
• Yoo JI
• Ryu HJ

• KMID: 2361586
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.11005/jbm.2016.23.4.243

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to determine cut-off point of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) adjusted body mass index (BMI) for sarcopenia in the Korean women and evaluate the prevalence of sarcopenia in postmenopausal women.
METHODS
This study was based on the data obtained from 2008 to 2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) IV and V. A whole body dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan and measurement of BMI were performed on individuals of ≥10 years old. Five thousand, two hundred and fifteen women older than 50 years were included in the study. ASM was obtained by adding the muscle masses of the four limbs. To determine the young reference group, mean and standard deviation of ASM and ASM/BMI by ages was measured. We calculated the prevalence rate of sarcopenia by each age group according to the cut-off point based on ASM and ASM/BMI.
RESULTS
In determining the cut-off values related ASM/BMI, using the value that is two standard deviations below mean values for young reference group (20's and 30's) thus recommends 0.50 m² in women. The overall prevalence among women older than 50 years was 15.6%. Among women older than 65 years prevalence of sarcopenia was 22.9%.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of sarcopenia among Korean women obtained in this study is within the proper range of value to research about sarcopenia. Furthermore, using 0.50 m² as the cut-off value can help compare various studies about sarcopenia in Korea.

Keyword

Postmenopause; Prevalence; Republic of Korea; Sarcopenia; Women

MeSH Terms

Absorptiometry, Photon
Body Mass Index*
Extremities
Female
Humans
Korea
Muscle, Skeletal
Nutrition Surveys
Postmenopause
Prevalence*
Republic of Korea
Sarcopenia*

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 (A) Distribution of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM; kg) by ages. (B) Distribution of ASM/body mass index (BMI; m2) by ages.

Reference

1. Cao L, Morley JE. Sarcopenia is recognized as an independent condition by an international classification of disease, tenth revision, clinical modification (ICD-10-CM) code. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2016; 17:675–677.

2. Kim KM, Jang HC, Lim S. Differences among skeletal muscle mass indices derived from height-, weight-, and body mass index-adjusted models in assessing sarcopenia. Korean J Intern Med. 2016; 31:643–650.

3. Kwon HJ, Ha YC, Park HM. Prevalence of sarcopenia in the Korean woman based on the Korean national health and nutritional examination surveys. J Bone Metab. 2016; 23:23–26.

4. Fielding RA, Vellas B, Evans WJ, et al. Sarcopenia: an undiagnosed condition in older adults. Current consensus definition: prevalence, etiology, and consequences. International working group on sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2011; 12:249–256.

5. Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, et al. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in older people. Age Ageing. 2010; 39:412–423.

6. Chen LK, Liu LK, Woo J, et al. Sarcopenia in Asia: consensus report of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2014; 15:95–101.

7. Kim YP, Joh JY, Kim S, et al. The application of different appendicular skeletal muscle cutoff points and research definitions associated with health-related quality of life in Korean older people: data from KNHANES 2008-2011. BMC Geriatr. 2014; 14:144.

8. Studenski SA, Peters KW, Alley DE, et al. The FNIH sarcopenia project: rationale, study description, conference recommendations, and final estimates. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014; 69:547–558.

9. Singh S, Bajorek B. Defining ‘elderly’ in clinical practice guidelines for pharmacotherapy. Pharm Pract (Granada). 2014; 12:489.

10. Kim S. The challenge of rapid ageing and low fertility in Korea. 2000. cited by 2016 January 1. Available from: https://pantherfile.uwm.edu/kim/www/papers/The%20Challenge%20of%20Ageing%20in%20Korea.pdf.

11. Kim MY, Im SW, Park HM. The demographic changes of menopausal and geripausal women in Korea. J Bone Metab. 2015; 22:23–28.

12. Dam TT, Peters KW, Fragala M, et al. An evidence-based comparison of operational criteria for the presence of sarcopenia. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014; 69:584–590.

13. Cawthon PM, Peters KW, Shardell MD, et al. Cutpoints for low appendicular lean mass that identify older adults with clinically significant weakness. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014; 69:567–575.

14. Batsis JA, Germain CM, Vásquez E, et al. Prevalence of weakness and its relationship with limitations based on the Foundations for the National Institutes for Health project: data from the Health and Retirement Study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016; 70:1168–1173.

15. de Souza Barbosa JF, Zepeda MU, Béland F, et al. Clinically relevant weakness in diverse populations of older adults participating in the international mobility in aging study. Age (Dordr). 2016; 38:25.