J Korean Radiol Soc.  1988 Dec;24(6):1035-1045. 10.3348/jkrs.1988.24.6.1035.

Radiologic analysis of total anomalous pulmonary venous return

• Choi YW
• Yeon KM
• Kim IO
• Cho WH

• KMID: 2359175
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3348/jkrs.1988.24.6.1035

Abstract

We reviewed cardiac cineangiographic and plain chest film findings of 48 patients aged from a half month to 14years, with TAPVR which was documented by cineangiography. The numbers of supracardiac, cardiac, subdiapragmaticand mixed group were 20. 17, 3 and 8 in each. The frequency of the various types of TAPVR was : Left verticalvein, 15 pt's; right atrium, 11 pt's; Mixed, 8 pt's; coronary sinus, 6 pt's; subdiaphragmatic, 3 pt's; right SVC,2 pt's etc. TAPVR occured without severe cardiac anomalies (isolated TAPVR) in 79%. In general, plain chest filmsrevealed the tendency of pulmonary plethora, cardiomegaly and noevidence of congestion, but in the cases withstenosis of connnecting vein showed the tendency of pulmonary congestion. Patients in whom the venous retum toleft vertical vein or left SVC via right connecting vein and right innominate vein (mirror image of anomalousdrainage to left vertical vein) showed a typical"snowman" or unilateral superior mediastinal widening on the APchest film (7 of 9 cases ) and a density anterior to the trachea on the lateral film (3 of 9 cases). In aconnection with azygos vein, the dilated azygos vein was recognized as an oval density in right tracheobronchialangle and right superior mediastinum was widened. Lateral chest film showed a posterior cardiac bulging shadowrepresenting the dilated coronary sinus in 2 of 6 patients with anomalous drainage to the coronary sinus.

MeSH Terms

Azygos Vein
Brachiocephalic Veins
Cardiomegaly
Cineangiography
Coronary Sinus
Drainage
Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)
Heart Atria
Humans
Mediastinum
Scimitar Syndrome*
Thorax
Trachea
Veins
Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)