Korean J Intern Med.
2016 Sep;31(5):953-960. 10.3904/kjim.2014.322.
Opportunistic diseases among HIV-infected patients: a multicenter-nationwide Korean HIV/AIDS cohort study, 2006 to 2013
- Affiliations
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- 1Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea. drksi@catholic.ac.kr
- 2Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 4Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
- 5Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 6Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
- 7Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 8Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea.
- KMID: 2350985
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2014.322
Abstract
- BACKGROUND/AIMS
The frequencies of opportunistic diseases (ODs) vary across countries based on genetic, environmental, and social differences. The Korean HIV/AIDS cohort study was initiated in 2006 to promote research on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Korea, and to provide a logistical network to support multicenter projects on epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory aspects of HIV infection. This study evaluated the prevalence of ODs among HIV-infected patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, and the risk factors associated with ODs.
METHODS
The study enrolled 1,086 HIV-infected patients from 19 hospitals. This study examined the baseline data of the HIV/AIDS Korean cohort study at the time of enrollment from December 2006 to July 2013.
RESULTS
Candidiasis was the most prevalent opportunistic infection (n = 176, 16.2%), followed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (n = 120, 10.9%), Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (n = 121, 11.0%), cytomegalovirus infection (n = 52, 4.7%), and herpes zoster (n = 44, 4.0%). The prevalence rates of Kaposi's sarcoma (n = 8, 0.7%) and toxoplasmosis (n = 4, 0.4%) were very low compared with other countries. The risk factors for ODs were a low CD4 T cell count at the time of HIV diagnosis (odds ratio [OR], 1.01; p < 0.01), current smoking (OR, 2.27; p = 0.01), current alcohol use (OR, 2.57; p = 0.04), and a history of tuberculosis (OR, 5.23; p < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
Using recent Korean nationwide data, this study demonstrated that an important predictor of ODs was a low CD4 T cell count at the time of HIV diagnosis. Tuberculosis remains one of the most important ODs in HIV-infected patients in Korea.
MeSH Terms
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AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
Candidiasis
Cell Count
Cohort Studies*
Cytomegalovirus Infections
Diagnosis
Herpes Zoster
HIV
HIV Infections
Humans
Korea
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Opportunistic Infections
Pneumocystis jirovecii
Pneumonia
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Sarcoma
Smoke
Smoking
Toxoplasmosis
Tuberculosis
Smoke
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