J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2016 Aug;46(4):266-276. 10.5051/jpis.2016.46.4.266.

Risk indicators related to peri-implant disease: an observational retrospective cohort study

• Poli PP
• Beretta M
• Grossi GB
• Maiorana C

• KMID: 2350027
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2016.46.4.266

Abstract

PURPOSE
The aim of the present study was to retrospectively investigate the influence of potential risk indicators on the development of peri-implant disease.
METHODS
Overall, 103 patients referred for implant treatment from 2000 to 2012 were randomly enrolled. The study sample consisted of 421 conventional-length (>6 mm) non-turned titanium implants that were evaluated clinically and radiographically according to pre-established clinical and patient-related parameters by a single investigator. A non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis rank test and a logistic regression model were used for the statistical analysis of the recorded data at the implant level.
RESULTS
The diagnosis of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis was made for 173 (41.1%) and 19 (4.5%) implants, respectively. Age (≥65 years), patient adherence (professional hygiene recalls <2/year) and the presence of plaque were associated with higher peri-implant probing-depth values and bleeding-on-probing scores. The logistic regression analysis indicated that age (P=0.001), patient adherence (P=0.03), the absence of keratinized tissue (P=0.03), implants placed in pristine bone (P=0.04), and the presence of peri-implant soft-tissue recession (P=0.000) were strongly associated with the event of peri-implantitis.
CONCLUSIONS
Within the limitations of this study, patients aged ≥65 years and non-adherent subjects were more prone to develop peri-implant disease. Therefore, early diagnosis and a systematic maintenance-care program are essential for maintaining peri-implant tissue health, especially in older patients.

Keyword

Dental implants; Implant-supported dental prosthesis; Periodontal diseases; Peri-implantitis; Retrospective study; Risk factors

MeSH Terms

Cohort Studies*
Dental Implants
Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported
Diagnosis
Early Diagnosis
Humans
Hygiene
Logistic Models
Mucositis
Patient Compliance
Peri-Implantitis
Periodontal Diseases
Research Personnel
Retrospective Studies*
Risk Factors
Titanium
Dental Implants
Titanium

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