Korean J Anesthesiol.  2016 Aug;69(4):319-326. 10.4097/kjae.2016.69.4.319.

Monitored anesthesia care in and outside the operating room

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea. jinaryu@lycos.co.kr

Abstract

Monitored anesthesia care (MAC) is an anesthesia technique combining local anesthesia with parenteral drugs for sedation and analgesia. The use of MAC is increasing for a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in and outside of the operating room due to the rapid postoperative recovery with the use of relatively small amounts of sedatives and analgesics compared to general anesthesia. The purposes of MAC are providing patients with safe sedation, comfort, pain control and satisfaction. Preoperative evaluation for patients with MAC is similar to those of general or regional anesthesia in that patients should be comprehensively assessed. Additionally, patient cooperation with comprehension of the procedure is an essential component during MAC. In addition to local anesthesia by operators or anesthesiologists, systemic sedatives and analgesics are administered to provide patients with comfort during procedures performed with MAC. The discretion and judgment of an experienced anesthesiologist are required for the safety and efficacy profiles because the airway of the patients is not secured. The infusion of sedatives and analgesics should be individualized during MAC. Many procedures in and outside of the operating room, including eye surgery, otolaryngologic surgery, cardiovascular procedures, pain procedures, and endoscopy are performed with MAC to increase patient and operator satisfaction.

Keyword

Analgesics; Monitored anesthesia care; Sedatives

MeSH Terms

Analgesia
Analgesics
Anesthesia*
Anesthesia, Conduction
Anesthesia, General
Anesthesia, Local
Comprehension
Endoscopy
Humans
Hypnotics and Sedatives
Judgment
Operating Rooms*
Patient Compliance
Analgesics
Hypnotics and Sedatives

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