J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc.
2011 Jan;50(1):62-68.
Productivity Time Lost by Sleep Disturbance among Workers in Korea
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. jongmin.woo@gmail.com
- 2Stress Research Institute, Inje University, Seoul, Korea.
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 4Department of Psychiatry, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
- 5Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
- 6Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Medical College, Seoul, Korea.
- 7Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, Korea.
- 8Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 9Ku Jeong-Il Psychoanalytic Clinic, Seoul, Korea.
- 10Komoki Sleep Center, Seoul, Korea.
- 11Department of Neuropsychiatry, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
- 12Department of Psychiatry, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The daily activities and performance of the working population can be threatened by sleep disturbances, including insomnia. This study evaluated the sleep patterns, sleep problems, daytime sleepiness, and lost productivity time (LPT) resulting from sleep quality and sleep duration issues among workers.
METHODS
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ) were completed by 653 workers in an urban area. Statistical analyses were performed using independent t-tests.
RESULTS
The average sleep duration among the subjects was 6 h 37 min. While 19.6% of the subjects complained of poor sleep quality, 53.4% were affected during the day by insomnia. The estimated annual cost of LPT due to presenteeism (Won13,892,545 vs. Won11,840,140 ; p=0.033) and the total annual cost of LPT (Won14,040,968 vs. Won11,961,302 ; p=0.032) were higher in poor sleepers than in good sleepers. Furthermore, workers with a shorter sleep duration had a higher annual LPT due to presenteeism (747.83 vs. 648.57 h ; p=0.046) and a higher total annual LPT (754.48 vs. 657.99 h ; p=0.049) than workers with a longer sleep duration.
CONCLUSION
Sleep deprivation among workers caused 1 h 51 min LPT per week. This suggests that sleep disturbance affects workers' performance in an organization, as well as in terms of individual health.
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