J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2010 Aug;40(4):164-171.

Antioxidant profile of whole saliva after scaling and root planing in periodontal disease

• Kim SC
• Kim OS
• Kim OJ
• Kim YJ
• Chung HJ

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study compared the total antioxidant status (TAS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the saliva of periodontally compromised patients before and after scaling and root planing (SRP) to assess their diagnostic utility.
METHODS
Severe chronic periodontitis patient (test group) and subjects with no attachment loss, sites showing a 3 mm or more probing depth and a sulcus bleeding index < 10% (control group) were enrolled in this study. Saliva sampling and clinical examination were performed at one week, one month and 3 months after SRP. The TAS and SOD activity in each patient's saliva was measured for the comparative analysis between the groups.
RESULTS
In the test group, the TAS decreased directly after SRP. With time, it increased slightly and was relatively unchanged compared to the baseline. In the control group, the TAS also decreased immediately after SRP but increased gradually with time until 3 months. The SOD activity in the test and control subjects decreased immediately after SRP until 1 month. At 3 months, the SOD activity had increased. Both groups had a similar profile of SOD activity. However, the SOD activity of the control group was significantly higher than that of the test group at each point in time (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
There was a significant difference in the total salivary antioxidant level between the periodontitis and healthy or gingivitis (control) group during the experiment period. The total antioxidant level in the saliva was higher in the patients with severe chronic periodontitis than the healthy or gingivitis control before SRP. The SOD activity of the periodontitis patients was lower than the control at each time point. These findings conclusively reveal the possible use of saliva as a diagnostic tool for periodontal health.

Keyword

Antioxidants; Periodontal disease; Saliva

MeSH Terms

Antioxidants
Chronic Periodontitis
Gingivitis
Hemorrhage
Humans
Periodontal Diseases
Periodontitis
Root Planing
Saliva
Superoxide Dismutase
Antioxidants
Superoxide Dismutase

Figure

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  Figure 1 Experimental protocol scheme. TBI: tooth-brushing instruction.

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  Figure 2 Total antioxidant status (TAS) in severe chronic periodontitis patient group and control subject group. In the test group, the TAS decreased immediately after scaling and root planing (SRP). With time, there was little change. In the control group, the TAS was also decreased immediately after SRP but increased gradually thereafter. The TAS level of the control group increased 3 months after SRP. Error bars show standard deviation.

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  Figure 3 Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in severe chronic periodontitis patient group and control subject group. The SOD activity in both groups decreased immediately after scaling and root planing until 1 month, and increased at 3 months. The SOD activity of the control group was higher than that of the test group at each time point. Error bars show standard deviation (*P < 0.05).

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