J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2013 Dec;43(6):283-290.

Association of gingival biotype with the results of scaling and root planing

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Periodontology, Wonkwang University School of Dentistry, Iksan, Korea. hkperio@wku.ac.kr
  • 2Wonkwang Dental Research Institute, Wonkwang University School of Dentistry, Iksan, Korea.

Abstract

PURPOSE
The concept of gingival biotype has been used as a predictor of periodontal therapy outcomes since the 1980s. In the present study, prospective and controlled experiments were performed to compare periodontal pocket depth (PPD) reduction and gingival shrinkage (GSH) after scaling and root planing (SRP) according to gingival biotype.
METHODS
Twenty-five patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis participated in the present study. The PPD and GSH of the labial side of the maxillary anterior teeth (from the right canine to the left canine) were evaluated at baseline and 3 months after SRP. Changes in the PPD following SRP were classified into 4 groups according to the gingival thickness and initial PPD. Two more groups representing normal gingival crevices were added in evaluation of the GSH. The results were statistically analyzed using the independent t-test.
RESULTS
In the end, 16 patients participated in the present study. With regard to PPD reduction, there were no significant differences according to gingival biotype (P>0.05). Likewise, sites with a PPD of over 3 mm failed to show any significant differences in the GSH (P>0.05). However, among the sites with a PPD of under 3 mm, those with the thin gingival biotype showed more GSH (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
PPD changes after SRP were not affected by gingival biotype with either shallow or deep periodontal pockets. GSH also showed equal outcomes in all the groups without normal gingival crevices. The results of SRP seem not to differ according to gingival biotype.

Keyword

Dental scaling; Periodontal pocket; Root planing

MeSH Terms

Chronic Periodontitis
Dental Scaling
Humans
Periodontal Pocket
Prospective Studies
Root Planing*
Tooth

Figure

  • Figure 1 Thick biotype representing a gingival thickness of over 1.5 mm in a cone-beam computed tomography image. Gingival thickness was assessed at 2 mm apical from the gingival margin. (A) Right upper central incisor. (B) Left upper central incisor.

  • Figure 2 Thin biotype representing a gingival thickness under 1.5 mm in a cone-beam computed tomography image. Gingival thickness was assessed at 2 mm apical from the gingival margin. (A) Right upper central incisor. (B) Left upper central incisor.

  • Figure 3 Clinical photographs showing the clinical crown length at baseline (A) and 3 months after root planing (B). The gingival recession were calculated by subtracting the values of the crown length at baseline from that of 3 months after scaling and root planning.


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