J Nurs Acad Soc.  1995 Sep;25(3):399-418.

Comparative Study on the Stress Response of Nurses Working on Pscychiatric Wards to that of Nurses Working on General Wards

• Kim YJ

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress response of nurses working on psychiatric wards (psychiatric nurses) compared with that of nurses working on general wards (general nurses) in order to provide assessment data for intervention of the stress response. The Symptoms of Stress Inventory was used to measure the stress response. Data were collected by a direct survey method using a questionnaire and were collected from March first to March 30, 1995. A sample of 200 nurses working in three psychiatric hospitals and psychiatric wards in four university hospitals in Seoul and Kangwon province were selected and 200 nurses working on general wards from two general hospitals in Seoul were also selected for a total sample of 400 nurses. Nurses who had experienced more than one of the major life events in the last two years were excluded from the total number in the samples, so the final sample was 161 psychiatric nurses, and 169 general nurses. The Scores for the total stress response, scores of the SOS subscales, stress response by sociodemographic characteristics of the nurses working on the psychiatric wards were compared with those of nurses working on the general ward. The results of this investigation are as follows 1. The mean total SOS score for the psychiatric nurse was 0.81(SD=0.48) and that of the general nurses was 0.90 (SD=0.53). 2. The Mean score for peripheral manifestation, central-neurological symptoms, gastro-intestinal symptoms, muscle tension, habitual patterns, depression, anxiety, anger and cognitive disorganization for the general nurses showed a tendency to be higher than those of the psychiatric nurses. Mean score for cardiopulmonary symptoms for the general nurses was significantly higher than that of the psychiatric nurses. 3. The mean scores for the sixteen SOS items for the general nurses was significantly higher than for the psychiatric nurses. The 16 items were flushing of the face, sweating excessively even in cold weather, thumping of the heart, rapid breathing, dry mouth, a choking lump in the throat, hoarseness, muscle tension in hands or arm, muscle tension in leg, working tiring one out completely, severe aches and pain make it difficult to do the work, severe nervous exhaustion, worrying about health, feeling weak and faint, so upset that one wants to hit something, unable to keep thoughts from running through one's mind. The mean score of only SOS item were significantly higher for the psychiatric nurses. 4. Stress responses between psychiatric nurses and general nurses were significantly different according to the following demographic characteristics; marriage, duration of work, position, accommodation, planning to move into another working site, working ward, education in psychiatric nursing.

MeSH Terms

Airway Obstruction
Anger
Anxiety
Arm
Depression
Education
Flushing
Gangwon-do
Hand
Heart
Hoarseness
Hospitals, General
Hospitals, Psychiatric
Hospitals, University
Leg
Marriage
Mouth
Muscle Tonus
Patients' Rooms*
Pharynx
Psychiatric Nursing
Surveys and Questionnaires
Respiration
Running
Seoul
Surveys and Questionnaires
Sweat
Sweating
Weather