1. Sheldon CA, Clayman RV, Gonzalez R, Williams RD, Fraley EE. Malignant urachal lesions. J Urol. 1984. 131:1–8.
2. Paras FA Jr, Maclennan GT. Urachal adenocarcinoma. J Urol. 2008. 180:720.
3. Ashley RA, Inman BA, Sebo TJ, Leibovich BC, Blute ML, Kwon ED, et al. Urachal carcinoma: clinicopathologic features and long-term outcomes of an aggressive malignancy. Cancer. 2006. 107:712–720.
4. Molina JR, Quevedo JF, Furth AF, Richardson RL, Zincke H, Burch PA. Predictors of survival from urachal cancer: a Mayo Clinic study of 49 cases. Cancer. 2007. 110:2434–2440.
5. Assor D. A villous tumor of the bladder. J Urol. 1978. 119:287–288.
6. Lucas DR, Lawrence WD, McDevitt WJ. Mucinous papillary adenocarcinoma of the bladder arising within villous adenoma of urachal remnants. An immuno-histochemical and ultrastructural study. J Urol Pathol. 1994. 2:173–182.
7. Mazzucchelli R, Scarpelli M, Montironi R. Mucinous adenocarcinoma with superficial stromal invasion and villous adenoma of urachal remnants: a case report. J Clin Pathol. 2003. 56:465–467.
8. Herr HW, Bochner BH, Sharp D, Dalbagni G, Reuter VE. Urachal carcinoma: contemporary surgical outcomes. J Urol. 2007. 178:74–78.
9. Stenzl A, Cowan NC, De Santis M, Jakse G, Kuczyk MA, Merseburger AS, et al. The updated EAU guidelines on muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer. Eur Urol. 2009. 55:815–825.