Mycobiology.  2010 Dec;38(4):238-248.

Environmental Factors and Bioremediation of Xenobiotics Using White Rot Fungi

• Magan N
• Fragoeiro
• Bastos C

Abstract

This review provides background information on the importance of bioremediation approaches. It describes the roles of fungi, specifically white rot fungi, and their extracellular enzymes, laccases, ligninases, and peroxidises, in the degradation of xenobiotic compounds such as single and mixtures of pesticides. We discuss the importance of abiotic factors such as water potential, temperature, and pH stress when considering an environmental screening approach, and examples are provided of the differential effect of white rot fungi on the degradation of single and mixtures of pesticides using fungi such as Trametes versicolor and Phanerochaete chrysosporium. We also explore the formulation and delivery of fungal bioremedial inoculants to terrestrial ecosystems as well as the use of spent mushroom compost as an approach. Future areas for research and potential exploitation of new techniques are also considered.

Keyword

Environmental factors; Extracellular enzymes; Fungi; Inoculants; Soil; Xenobiotic mixture

MeSH Terms

Agaricales
Biodegradation, Environmental
Ecosystem
Fungi
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Mass Screening
Pesticides
Phanerochaete
Soil
Trametes
Water
Xenobiotics
Pesticides
Soil
Water
Xenobiotics