Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol.  2007 Sep;27(3):162-167.

Clinical Features and Signficance of in Vitro Testing of 16 Cases of Amoxicillin-Induced Hypersensitivity Reactions

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Amoxicillin is one of the broad spectrum antibiotics and is widely used in the treatment of various infective diseases. There are various forms of amoxicillin- induced hypersensitivity reactions including urticaria/angioedema, erythema multiforme and anaphylaxis.
OBJECTIVE
To observe the clinical features and evaluate the significance of in vitro testing of amoxicilin-induced hypersensitivity reactions. METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients diagnosed as having amoxicillin-induced hypersensitivity reactions from January 2002 to February 2007. Serum-specifc IgE antiboides to ampicilloyl (AMP) and amoxicilloyl (AXO) were determined using the immunoCAP system. RESULT: Sixteen subjects were enrolled in this study. Clinical features of amoxicillin-induced hypersensitivity reactions included erythema multiforme (n=6, 37.5%), urticaria/angioedema (n=4, 25.0%), anaphylaxis (n=3, 18.8%), maculopapular skin eruption (n=2, 12.5%) and fixed-drug eruptions (n=1, 6.3%). Six subjects had a high serum specific IgE to AMP and all anaphylaxis patients had a high serum specific IgE to AXO and/or AMP.
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that amoxicillin could induce various cutaneous manifestations in which the most common ones are erythema multiforme and urticaria/ angioedema. The serious reactions of anaphylaxis were noted in 18.8% of subjects in which IgE mediated responses to 2 antigenic determinants were involved.

MeSH Terms

Amoxicillin
Anaphylaxis
Angioedema
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Drug Hypersensitivity
Epitopes
Erythema Multiforme
Humans
Hypersensitivity*
Immunoglobulin E
Medical Records
Retrospective Studies
Skin
Amoxicillin
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Epitopes
Immunoglobulin E