Korean J Pediatr.  2013 Dec;56(12):540-543. 10.3345/kjp.2013.56.12.540.

Asymptomatic moyamoya syndrome, atlantoaxial subluxation and basal ganglia calcification in a child with Down syndrome

• Lee KY
• Lee KS
• Weon YC

• KMID: 2284792
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2013.56.12.540

Abstract

Down syndrome, the most common chromosomal abnormality, may be associated with various neurologic complications such as moyamoya syndrome, cervical spinal cord compression due to atlantoaxial subluxation, and basal ganglia damage, as well as epileptic seizures and stroke. Many cases of Down syndrome accompanied by isolated neurologic manifestations have been reported in children; however, Down syndrome with multiple neurologic conditions is rare. Here, we have reported a case of Down syndrome in a 10-year-old girl who presented with asymptomatic moyamoya syndrome, atlantoaxial subluxation with spinal cord compression, and basal ganglia calcification. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Down syndrome, in a child, which was accompanied by these 3 neurologic complications simultaneously. As seen in this case, patients with Down syndrome may have neurologic conditions without any obvious neurologic symptoms; hence, patients with Down syndrome should be carefully examined for the presence of neurologic conditions.

Keyword

Down syndrome; Moyamoya disease; Atlantoaxial instability; Basal ganglia calcification

MeSH Terms

Basal Ganglia*
Child*
Chromosome Aberrations
Down Syndrome*
Epilepsy
Female
Humans
Moyamoya Disease*
Neurologic Manifestations
Spinal Cord Compression
Stroke