Korean J Pediatr.  2009 Aug;52(8):862-868. 10.3345/kjp.2009.52.8.862.

Novel swine-origin H1N1 influenza

• Lee J
• Lee HJ

• KMID: 2281583
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2009.52.8.862

Abstract

Since its identification in April 2009, a swine-origin H1N1 influenza A virus (S-OIV) which is a reassortment of gene segments from both North American triple-reassortant and Eurasian swine influenza has been widely spread among humans in unexpected rapidity. To date, each gene segment of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) outbreak viruses have shown high (99.9%) neucleotide sequence identity. As of July 6, 94,512 people have been infected in 122 countries, of whom 429 have died with an overall case-fatality rate of <0.5%. Most confirmed cases of S-OIV infection have been characterized by self-limited, uncomplicated febrile respiratory illness and 38% of cases have also included vomiting or diarrhea. Standard plus droplet precautions should be adhered to at all times. Tests on S-OIV have indicated that current new H1N1 viruses are sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir). However, current less virulent S-OIV may evolve into a pathogenic strain or acquire antiviral resistance, potentially with more severe clinical consequences. Efforts to control these outbreaks would be based on our understanding of novel S-OIV and previous influenza pandemics.

Keyword

Novel swine-origin H1N1 influenza; S-OIV; Pandemic; Vaccine

MeSH Terms

Diarrhea
Disease Outbreaks
Humans
Influenza A virus
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype
Influenza, Human
Neuraminidase
Pandemics
Sprains and Strains
Swine
Vomiting
Neuraminidase