Korean J Pediatr.  2005 Oct;48(10):1082-1089.

The Usefulness of the Abdominal Computerized Tomography for the Diagnosis of Childhood Obesity and Its Correlation with Various Parameters of Obesity

• Shim YH
• Cho SJ
• Rhyu JH
• Hong YM

Abstract

PURPOSE
Abdominal obesity is encountered as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, the anthropometric cut-off value to estimate the cardiovascular risk, has not been suggested. This study was designed to find the relationship between the abdominal fat and various parameters of obesity to find the cardiovascular risk factors related to abdominal obesity and to establish practical methods to measure them. METHODS: Twenty seven obese Korean adolescents of moderate to severe degree and 22 healthy adolescents were enrolled. The body mass index (BMI), arm circumference and skinfold thickness were measured. Furthermore, blood lipid, sugar, insulin and four different cytokines' levels were checked and the distribution of body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. The subcutaneous and intra-abdominal fat thickness by abdominal ultrasonography (US) and the total and intra-abdominal fat area by abdominal computerized tomography (CT) were measured in the obese group. RESULTS: The most accurate method to measure abdominal fat in children is abdominal CT and the fat mass measured by bioelectrical impedance was strongly correlated with it (r=0.954). It was also correlated with arm circumference, fat thickness measured by abdominal US, BMI, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and triglyceride level. CONCLUSION: Abdominal CT is the most accurate method to measure intra-abdominal fat, and it can be replaced by abdominal US for cost effectiveness. The screening methods that can be used at school or in outpatient basis include bioelectrical impedance, waist/hip ratio, and arm circumference. The cardiovascular risk factors include leptin, triglyceride and insulin level.

Keyword

Obesity; Abdominal CT; Abdominal US; Bioelectrical impedance

MeSH Terms

Abdominal Fat
Adolescent
Alanine Transaminase
Arm
Aspartate Aminotransferases
Body Composition
Body Mass Index
Cardiovascular Diseases
Child
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Diagnosis*
Electric Impedance
Humans
Insulin
Intra-Abdominal Fat
Leptin
Mass Screening
Obesity*
Obesity, Abdominal
Outpatients
Pediatric Obesity*
Risk Factors
Skinfold Thickness
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Triglycerides
Ultrasonography
Alanine Transaminase
Aspartate Aminotransferases
Insulin
Leptin