Histopathological Findings of Asymptomatic Urinary Abnormalities of Children: A 20-Year Single Center Experience

Lim, Roung Koung; Cheon, Chong Kun; Kim, Su Young

Abstract

PURPOSE
There has been several studies about pathological findings of the asymptomatic urinary abnormalities (AUA) in children. But most of them are based on collaboratively collected data. That kinds of studies might have some bias due to different criteria for renal biopsy. We analyzed histopathological findings of AUA patients experienced in a single hospital and analyzed the efficacy of renal biopsy according to the clinical findings.
METHODS
We reviewed the pathological reports and clinical data of 171 patients with AUA who had renal biopsies for the last 20 years. Patient were divided into 3 groups based on the urinalysis: hematuria group, proteinuria group, combined hematuria and proteinuria group. To analyze the efficacy of renal biopsy, we defined "modifiable diseases" as those diseases of which early treatment can alter the prognosis, including IgA nephropathy, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, membranous glomerulonephritis and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
RESULTS
Male to female ratio was 2.2 to 1, and the highest incidence was in the age group of 6 to 10 years. IgA nephropathy (49%) was the most frequent pathological diagnosis. The incidence of "modifiable diseases" were higher in the group of combined proteinuria and hematuria, compared to isolated hematuria or proteinuria group.
CONCLUSION
IgA nephropathy was most frequent pathological diagnostic entity in AUA. The efficacy of renal biopsy, which can be defined as the possibility of diagnosing "modifiable disease" by renal biopsy, is greater in the combined hematuria and proteinuria group than hematuria or proteinuria group.