Korean J Crit Care Med.  2011 Nov;26(4):217-220. 10.4266/kjccm.2011.26.4.217.

The S100B Protein Could Be Used as Adjuvant Diagnostic Tool in Acute Ischemic Stroke

• Jung MH
• Lee DH
• Kim CW

• KMID: 2228045
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2011.26.4.217

Abstract

BACKGROUND
In the emergency department, the diagnosis of ischemic stroke is difficult because the diagnostic modalities are limited to non-contrast brain CT and neurologic examination. Serum S100B protein, a bio-marker for ischemic stroke, is needed as an additional diagnostic aid in acute ischemic stroke.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed 50 patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke between August 2007 and December 2008 by brain MRI after brain CT and serum S100B measurement in the emergency department. The serum levels of S100B protein were analyzed and the diagnostic sensitivity of non-contrast brain CT combined with abnormal elevation of S100B protein was compared with that of non-contrast brain CT alone.
RESULTS
The overall sensitivity of non-contrast brain CT in the diagnosis of ischemia was 54%. S100B protein in early ischemia had a sensitivity of 58%. However, combining non-contrast brain CT and S100B increased the sensitivity to 74%.
CONCLUSIONS
A biomarker-based diagnostic test would not replace the necessity for CT or other early imaging studies, and before contemplating any reperfusion strategy, neuro-imaging must be performed to rule out intracranial hemorrhage. However, S100B protein, a serum bio-marker, is able to help emergency physicians evaluate patients with suspected ischemic stroke and decide on treatment.

Keyword

early diagnosis; stroke; S100B protein

MeSH Terms

Brain
Diagnostic Tests, Routine
Early Diagnosis
Emergencies
Humans
Intracranial Hemorrhages
Ischemia
Nerve Growth Factors
Neurologic Examination
Reperfusion
Retrospective Studies
S100 Proteins
Stroke
Nerve Growth Factors
S100 Proteins